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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


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Collection  de 
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Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  MIcroreproductlons  /  Institut  Canadian  de  miororeproductlons  historlques 


^^■ygf'g^a^ 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notss/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


n/ 


D 

n 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 

Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommagde 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaur6e  et/ou  pellicul6e 

Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


I      I    Coloured  maps/ 


Cartes  gdographiques  en  couleur 


Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relid  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  Mure  serr^e  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int^rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajouties 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6x6  filmdes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppldmentaires; 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6X6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mithode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiquAs  ci-dessous. 


I      I    Coloured  pages/ 


v/ 


D 
D 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filmt  au  taux  de  reduction  indiquA  ci-dessous. 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagies 


n    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurdes  et/ou  pellicul6es 


Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  ddcolordes,  tachetdes  ou  piqudes 


I      I    Pages  detached/ 


Pages  d^tach^es 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Quality  inigale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  materit 
Comprend  du  materiel  suppl^mentaire 


Fyj    Showthrough/ 

I      I    Quality  of  print  varies/ 

I      I    Includes  supplementary  material/ 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6ti  film^es  6  nouveau  de  faqon  6 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

aox 

v/ 

12X 

16X 

20X 

24X 

28X 

32X 

--"w^'gya 


The  copy  filmed  her*  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 


L'exemplaire  filmA  fut  reproduit  grdce  d  la 
gAn4rosit6  de: 


University  of  Windsor 


University  of  Windsor 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  Impree- 
sion,  or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  Illustrated  impree- 
slon,  and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impreesion. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shell  contain  the  symbol  -^(meening  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  ▼  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  4ti  reproduitss  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettet6  de  l'exemplaire  fiimi.  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exempiaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimis  sont  fiimis  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'iilustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exempiaires 
originaux  sont  filmAs  en  commen^ant  par  la 
premiAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'iilustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  dee  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernlAre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  -^  signifie  "A  SUIVRE  ",  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc..  mny  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  lerge  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartas,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
fiimte  A  des  taux  de  reduction  diff6rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  cliche,  il  est  f  ilm6  d  partir 
de  I'angle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droits, 
et  de  haut  en  bas.  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  nicessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mithode. 


1 

2 

3 

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1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

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BOSTON    COMMITTEE 


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A     SERIES     OF     EIGHT 


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TED    FROM 


BOSTON: 
18  5  1. 

EASTBURN'S    TRESS. 


. ; 


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I. 


N  t)T  K. 

'Vin.    Lvnor-  Iutp   ivimlplislud,    «iTf   Imsiilv  juticil  .lnwii   liom   Mi'mory, 
upon   the   n'tiirn  of  (lie   writiT  iVoiii    Cmiada. 

Tin-  imi  ri>t  I'viiu'cil  liy  tin-  imlilic  in  ilie  novel  ini<siou  of  the   Committee, 
and   .1    -cneriil  desire  of  all  to  know  ?on«"^i'>inir  of  the  olijecis  and  n-.iilis  of 


thi'*   visit,  seemed  t»  the  writer 
few  jKi]M'rs  which  h-.ive  K 

Df  eom-e,  t 
niittee,  and  fitr 


t  reason  for  tlio  eoniiHisitiot\  of  the 
the  ciiluinns  of  the  Boston  Atlas. 


of  hut  one  jMmbcrof  the  Com- 
ro  i;ivi'n,  lie  '■Bne   is   responsihlc. 

^.  I).  N.  11. 


* 


im'niory, 


*f*i#* 


LETTERS. 


l>'-lllt.S   of 
iOK    of   tllC 

ton  Atlas, 
tlu"  Com- 

l'!:p(IIIsiliU>, 


LMTTER,  No.  1. 

To  TifE   ]']ditoiis  of  the  Atlas. 

*T^  Gentlemen  : — Tlie  interest  evinced  by  the  citizens  of  Bos- 
,ton,  in  the  recent  official  visit  of  a  Committee  of  the  City 
*  Council  to  the  cities  of  the  Canadas,  and  the  important  re- 
sults which  it  is  hoped  will  follow  from  their  mission,  not 
only  to  "the  trade  of  our  meiipl;){ints^  the  freight  upon  the 
northern  lines  of  railway, 
the  cultivation  of  the  soci 
ences  which  ^l^ii^  from 
Avho  reside  unucr  different 
give  through  your  columns,  sttc' 
tour  and  reception,  as  may  he  of  p 

The  telegraph  has  announced 
ed  with  their  reception,  but  th 
cumstances  connect(»d  therewith,* 
j^  worthy  to  be  mentioned  in  detai 


Boston — but  also 

umerable  intlu- 

ith   persons 

uce   mo  to 

ted  with  their 

Ujtercst. 

Il^acts  counect- 
interesting  cir- 


we  thought  to  bo 
re  are  many  things 
however,  which  a  proper  regard  for  the  laws  of  hospitality 
and  propriety  requires  shouUl  not  be  made  public,  but  which 
if  communicated,  would  teiul  in  the  highest  degree  to  cement 
those  bonds  of  amity  and  kindness  which  at  present  seem  to 
exist  between  the  merchants  and  public  men  of  the  United 
States  and  the  Canadas.  The  cordiality  and  heartiness  of 
%e  reception  of  the  Boston  delegation,  and  the  princely  hos- 
pitality which  was  bestowed  u|)ou  them,  arc  an  earnest,  it  is 
hoped,  of  a  greater  degree  of  intimacy  and   mercantile  com- 


2938e6 


fa 


munication,  which  will  ho  mutually  advantageous  to  the  peo- 
ple of  hoth  conntrios. 

It  may  he  uecessaiy,  in  this  connection,  to  brielly  allude  to 
the  circnnistanoe  under  which  the  celebration  was  decided 
upon,  and  the  reasons  which  hav<^  induced  the  City  Govern- 
ment to  move  in  this  matti-r. 

It  is  well  known  that  within  the  ])ast  twenty  years,  the 
subject  of  internal  improvement  has  attracted,  to  a  great  ex- 
tent, the  attention  of  our  citizens.  The  short,  but  very  con- 
cise and  clear  statements,  contained  in  the  address  to  the 
jieople  of  Boston  by  the  Mayor,  have  ])laced  the  results  of  the 
various  enterprises  prominently  before  the  public. 

The  northern  lines  to  Canada  are  now  completed.  Before 
the  ])eriod  of  the  celebration,  Boston  will  be  within  twelve 
hours  travel  of  Montreal,  and  during  the  next  winter,  the  fa- 
cilities for  comnnmication  will  be  such,  that  a  revolution  in 
the  trade  between  the  Atlantic  coast  and  the  Canadas,  will 
be  etl'ected. 

After  conference  wijthLmttH|.of  our  leading  merchants,  and 
persons  coniiected  «dM||^b^HM|iyines  of  travel,  the  members 
of  our  City  ^ovflHHHPlB||^Hppat  the  imngrtancc  of  these 
means  of  conqPJj||^^gj|g^||Spmde  <;^id  c^pnerre  of  Bos- 
ton, was  wcir^i^lQ^^^^pl^Bon  of  its^iAIunicipal  Otiicers, 
and  that  the  pre^6fl# .joeriod  was  a  most  favorable  time 
to  commemorate  the.iSd^ipletion  and  success  of  those  vast 
schemes  of  infei^j|^||pwiHhication,  which  our  citizens  had 
at  great  sacrifice^^ffijOjflMc  to  constrtict.  It  was  thought 
that  the  coiniiieni^HH|^rvices  should  be  upon  a  scale  com- 
mensurate with  the  magnitude  of  the  enterprises  they  were 
designed  to  celebrate. 

The  officers  of  the  various  railway  lines  in  New  Fingland,and 
thof.e  of  our  public  spirited  merchants  and  capitalists,  to  ^vhose 
energy  and  sagacious  foresight  our  city  is  mainly  indebted 
for  her  high  character,  both  in  our  own  country  and  abroad, 
gave  their  warm  a[)proval  of  the  measure,  and  pledged  thqa^ 
aid  and  co-operation.  The  work  was  intrusted  to  a  comioflr 
tee  of  twenty-three  members  of  the  City  (Government,  and 
from   the  general  committee,  various  sub-conmiittees  were 


5 


will 


ohoseii.  Tlio  Committoc  on  [iivitation  consists  of  the  Mayor, 
the  I'lesidcnt  ol  tlio  Common  (Jonncil,  two  Aldcrmon,  ;nnl 
seven  members  of  the  Common  (Jonnril. 

It  was  (Iremcil  ;ulvisal)le  that  a  (lo|)Utation  from  the  (gener- 
al Committee  should  personally  visit  the  Canadas,  to  seek  the 
co-operation  of  the  l*rovincial  and  iMnnicii)al  Autiiorities.  and 
l)y  interviews  with  the  princiiial  bnsiness  tirms,  and  persons 
connected  with,  or  interested  in  the  lines  of  travel,  to  secure 
the  attendance  of  those  whose  visit  to  Boston  would  he  most 
condncivo  to  trive  publicity,  to  the  crreat  mass  of  the  |)eople, 
of  the  completion  of  the  lines  of  railway,  the  facilities  now 
open  for  freiL'ht  and  travel,  and  the  peculiar  .advantages  our 
city  enjoys  as  the  great  outlet,  on  the  Atlantic  coast,  for  the 
inunciisu  |)ro(hii'tions  of  the  West  and  tlir  ('anadas;  and  also 
the  facilities  which  are  opened  tor  the  transit  of  merchandise 
from  foreiujn  ports,  destined  for  Canadian  Alarkels. 

The  IVesidents  of  all  the  NuL'thern  lines  of  railway,  from 
Hoston,  linnished  the  Conumttee  with  free  ])asses  over  the 
various  roads,  oin-  merchants  aaAS>MbliQ*iiien  £j;ave  them  let- 
tors  of  introduction  to  the  ^^UppMWHfeb^n t s  and  authori- 
ties, and  they  |gft  Hoston ''^WMjj^lBl^^BMfep*  ^^'^'i  '^  deter- 
mination that  ^n^ry  .ur())'erlHKM|fiHpS*wide  to  render 
the  llaihiiad  .lidiile*  of  iN")l  llWfl^^5r'1nw'g|pat  (>veut  to  be 
commemorated,  and  the  character  of.lft^etty  whose  represen- 
,  tatives  they  were. 

They  left  Boston  on  Saturilay^'jjSSJB  way  of  the 

Boston  and  Maine  Railrond  to  J/i^rt^^jtonce  by  tiie  .Man- 
chester and  Lawrence,  (Joneord,  NnnHp^iid  \'ermoiit  Cen- 
^^-;*tral  Raihoa(«s  to  Norlhfield,  N'ermont.  At  .Northllelil  they  had 
ftn  interview  with  the  Hon.  (Jharles  I'aine,  and  his  associates 
in  the  direction  of  thi;  Vermont  (Central,  and  Vermont  and 
Caflftda  Roads.  They  obtained  a  urcat  deal  of  valnabh;  in- 
formation from  their  iiilercours(>  with  Mx-tJovernor  I'aine, 
and  otiiir  irenilemen  connected  with  the  lines  to  Canada. 

%At  Norlhfield  ihey  were  njost  hospitably  entertained.  'IMie 
])lic.  house  at  this  place,  erected  to  accommodate  travellers 
who  patroiii'/.e  the  Vermont  Central  Uaihniad.  is  a  model  hotel. 
The  scen(;ry  m  its  vicinitv  is  very  iine  indeed,  and  strangers 


m 


l\ 


» 


can  obtain  oxcollent  views  of  the  Green  Motititams  from  this 
j)oint. 

The  route  of  the  Committee  througli  our  own  State  and 
its  neighbor,  New  Hampshire,  was  throngli  a  region  wliich 
indicated  in  every  direction  tlie  "reat  inlluence  which  rail- 
ways have  exerted,  in  devekiping  )  resonrces  and  applying 
to  practical  nse  the  water  privileges  of  New  England.  The 
valley  of  fho  .Ab'rrimac,  with  its  fnic  water-fails,  its  rich  and 
extensive  tracts  of  interval  land,  ornamented  with  the  majes- 
tic and  beaiitifnl  elms  which  abound  throuL-'hont  its  vallies, 
the  tlourislung  towns  along  its  banks,  which  have  been 
established  by  the  enterprise  of  our  citizens,  are  objects  of 
interest  to  all  travellers,  to  whom 

"  Custom  cannot  stale  their  intinitc  variety.'" 

The  farm  of  IMr.  Webster,  in  Franklin,  is  one  of  the  most 
beautiful  objects  along  this  route.  His  neat  roiuitry  residence 
with  its  ;iinj)le  fields,  its  fine  lawns,  and  the  hiiih  state  of 
culture  M-|iich  his  lauds  preaeut,  appears  in  marked  contrast 
Avith  the  surrouudiuft  CI 

The  entire  line^|^|i^p^|^(m^^  the  delciiation  travel- 
led, appears  to  bc^^^ill^^^t  j.JwiJre  is  no  visib|p  tviilence  that 
the  work  has  been  sligi|i0d,  or  that  the  price  of  \\\i)  stock  has 
aliectcd  the  thorough  character  of  tli(!  road  bed,  and  all  the 
fixtures  or  luruiture  of  the  lines.  Every  indication  evinced 
that  the  stockholders  were  the  oidy  ])arties  who  had  cause 
for  complaint  respecting  the  pecuniary  difliculties under  which 
the  work  had  bee^  execute. 

At  Northfield,  a  pdnion  of  the  Committee  passed  over  to 
Burlington  to  confer  with  the  President  and  Officers  of  the 
Burlington  and  Rutland  Railroad,  to  make  such  arrangements 
with  them  resj)ectiiig  the  ))assagc  over  their  road,  of  such  of 
our  Canadian  friends  as  might  wish  to  travel  by  that  route, 
as  it  was  the  design  and  purpose  of  the  delegation,  and  of  our 
city  authorities,  to  make  the  celebration  one  of  a  general 
character,  so  that  all  the  rival  lines  should  be  treated  in  th<^? 
same  maimer.     The  celebration  is  to  be  of  a  popular  charaS#- 


7 

oin  this 

ler,  and  no  uppiehunsion  need  he  I'elt  thai  any   particular  in- 
terest, or  Hue,  will  bo  unduly  prominent  therein. 

itc  and 

J  laving  thus  stated  as  clearly  us  is  in  my  power,  the  oli- 

which 

jccts  and  desi^Mi  of  the  celebration,  and  the  early  pro(•ee(iil]^s 

;h   lail- 

of  the  Committee  liaving  the  subject  in  their  hands,  it  is  pro- 

pplying 

posed,  in  tlio  succeechng  number:.,  to  give  a  detailed  account 

.     Tiie 

of  the  movements  of  the  delegation  to  Canada,  and  the  im- 

icli and 

pressions  of  one  of  the   immber,  which  have  been  obtained 

majes- 
valhes, 

while  engaged  upon  the  mission. 

e    been 

i 

loets  of 

i 

le  most 
sidence 

state  of 
Bontrast 

travel- 
ice  that 
ock  has 

all   the 
evinced  ^' 
1  cause 
r  which 


over  to 
J  of  the 
;ement8 
such  of 
t  route, 
d  of  our 
general 


in   t 
charaMh 


ft  LETTER,  No.  II. 

It  is  proposed  in  this,  and  the  succeeding  articles  of  the 
series,  to  state  the  tacts  C()ut}f|^||bw4th  tlie  tour  of  the  Bos- 
ton Delegation  to  the  Can^tdH^fe  JlM^ttflgical  order. 

The  CommiUee  left  Xdi^n|aifd^ff^^Pl|pc k ,  A.  31.,  on 
]\h)iHlay,  AiigiMl  I Ulj,,  and  wnved'^E'V^t  Xlburgh,  a  dis- 
tance of  90  miles,  in  three  and  i^hjilr  hours  gunning  time,  or 
four  hours,  iucluding  stops.  They  crossed "^Iiake  Champlaiii 
in  the  steamer  Ethan  Allen,  and  JJi) nod  that  arrangements  had 
been  made  for  their  accommodafion  by  tfiejaigenls  and  olii- 
cets  of  the  Ogder»sbnrg  Railroad.,  A  Iflfge  nid  convenient 
hotel  has  been  finished  over  the  extef^||fa^8fation  house  of  the 
C^denshurgh  Road,  at  Rouse's  Point.  This  Road  is  known  in 
the  region  through  which  it  passes  as  the  "  Northern  Road." 

In  crossing  Tiake  Champlain,  the  steamer's  course  was 
parallel  with  the  extensive  structure  which  was  authorized 
by  the  last  session  of  the  New  York  Legislature,  by  means 
of  which  the  trains  will  pass  across  an  opening  between  two 
^ers,  upon  a  long  tloating  barge,  propelled  by  steam,  and 
^iich  will  be  arranged  to  tloat  into  square  sections  at  each 
end  of  the  piers.  This  work  is  nearly  completed.  From 
the  appearance   of  the   premises,  it  would  appear  that  but  a 


I 


IJ 


I 


s 

shdit  time  will  lie  io(|iiiroil  to  eiuiblc  ;i  train  to  cross  this 
open  space.  The  roads  which  terniinate  at  this  point  have 
had  a  lar^e  tcrritorv  secured  lor  their  accommodation. 

The  cars  of  the  Oirdonslniri:  Road  were  here  taken.  Tht; 
tiain  consisted  ol'  five  well-tilled  jiassonirer  cars.  Mach  car 
was  furnished  with  a  lari,'o  earthenware  vase,  which  Avas 
supplied  with  ice  water.  The  vase  was  of  a  iiandsomo 
shape,  so  that  it  was  <|uite  ornanicntai,  and  the  very  frc(|uent 
visits  made  to  it  by  the  passengers,  attested  that  it  was  a 
very  good  anangcment  for  the  comfort  of  the  patrons  of  tlie 
roail. 

This  roail  appears  to  he  well  hiiill,  and  the  smoothness 
with  which  the  Irani  jiassed  at  a  hinh  rate  of  speed  over  the 
rail/-,  was  the  subject  of  geiKM'al  remark.  The  line  of  the 
read  is  throiiLih  a  level  region.  T!ie  land  does  not  appear  to 
be  in  a  very  high  state  of  cultivation,  though  at  some  points  '/% 
of  liie  line,  the  fields  indicate  that  the  soil  is  capable  of  ])ro- 
dneiiig  heavy  crops.  .  Wlu'ii  settled  upon  ami  improved,  the 
country  through  which  the  C^densburg  road  passes  will 
doubtless  be  one  of  t^  fiiiiiipt  agi  icultural  regions  in  the 
noil hern  part  of  t,^'fe^UlifelSi|it«8.  ^  % 

JN'ew  buildings  ai|^peiir*'io.b«'''f|ringing  uj)  Wong  the  entire 
line,  and  at  each  stopping  place  there  t\'as  iinmistakablt!  evi- 
dence that  the  increased  facilities  i'or  business  which  the  road 
now  furnishes,  were  having  a  most  beueliciai  efl'ect  upon  the 
trade  of  the  small  tpwns  thwHigh  which  it  j)asses. 

At  the  town  ^  Malone,  w|jich  is  about  sixty  miles  from 
Rouse's  Point,  the'Committeo'inet  T.  P.  Chandler,  Esq., 
President  of  the  Ogdensburg  Road,  Col.  C.  L.  Schlatter,  the 
superintendent,  Air.  Iloyle  and  Air.  llorton,  two  of  the 
directors.  Tin-  three  gentlemen  last  named,  accompanied  the 
delegation  over  the  road,  and  Col.  Schlatter  kindly  offered  to 
go  to  Toronto  with  them.  The  od'er  was  accejtted,  and  as 
this  gentleman  was  well  known  throughout  the  route,  his 
assistance  was  of  great  service.  The  ollicers  of  the  railroad, 
and  all  persons  inlrrested  in  th(^  various  lines  of  commmiici* 
tion  connected  therewith,  exjires.sed  df'ep    interest  m  the  rtb- 


gr. 


OSS  this 

iiit  liave 

1. 

1.     The 

■lach  <;ar 

ich   was 

iiidsomo 

flC(|UOHt 

it  was  a 

IS  of  the 

OOthllL-SS 

over  the 

?   of  the 

ippear  to 

le  i)oints 

,»: 

'  of  ])ro- 

n'cd,  the 

■isos    will 

from  Kdiisc  s 
IJostuii       "" 


9 


jccts  of  the  (.'oiiiinittee,  and  oll'ercd  their  services  to  aid  in 
the  success  of  tlie  movement. 

'I'lie   train    reached  Ogdensliiiru:   in   five  and  a  hall'  iiours 
\)int.     This  phicc   is   4U0   miles  chstant  fmni 
I.      The  average  speed  at  wliich  the  entire  journey  liad 
been  aec(inipHsli(>d  was  2'1  miles  an  lionr,  including  stops. 

The  land  owned  hy  tlu;  raiiuay  company  at  OgdensbtM'g, 
is  very  extensive.  The  buildings  are  very  large,  and  make  a 
'ill.  ,sli()\\-  iVoni  the  w.'iter.  From  a  short  examination  made, 
it  would  ajjpear  that  the  most  extensive  arrangements  had 
been  made  for  the  accommodation  of  all  kinds  of  freight,  and 
for  the  safely  and  convenience  of  vessels  engaged  in  trans- 
portation. 

The  deputation  toolc  passage  at  Ogdensburg  in  tin;  stiiamer 
^Niagara,  for  Lewiston.  As  tiie  boat  passed  out  nito  liie  mid- 
dle ot'lhe  rivei-  St.  J,a\vren(M',  her  passengers  had  a  line  view 
of  tile  town  of  (.•gdt  iisliiu'g.  This  place  is  situated  Ujion 
ground  soniewhal  elevated  above  the  river,  and  maK'es  a  line 
ap|)earan('e.  The  St.  l-awrence  is  about  a  mile  and  a  (piarter 
M'ide  at  this  jioint.  Tpou  0$-  GjiKa^a  Kid<',  (he  town  of 
i'rescott  is  oj^ositi'  ()i:den|^|irg,  add  a'l^teum  I'erry  boat 
crosses  ev(>rylpilf  hum.  Pl»|!eot.t  iS*<!i^OR a  beautiful  riing 
ground.  The  most  strikmg  (j^jt^ot  it^pitsants  from  the  river 
is  the  ruins  of  about  a  dozen  bnil^iugs,  which  were  burned 
by  persons  from  tin' American  side;  during  the  border  dilli- 
culties  some  years  ago.  'V\w  witllipf  tljeBC  edifices  are  built 
of  stone,  and  they  now  havet,a  dcsaifit#  Ij^earance.  The 
Englisli  arms,  with  the  cabalistic  lettett,V.  ]{.,  over  tlw!  sign 
of  the  Customs  Warehonst*,  were  the  first  indications  noticed 
that  our  party  had  reached  the  Hritish  I'roviiiees. 

A  sail  upon  the  St.  Lawrence,  on  board  of  a  spacious  and 
cnmforta1)le  steamer,  is  the  very  acme  of  the  pleasure;  of  trav- 
elling. The  powerful  engines  of  the  Niauara  forced  her 
through  (he  opposing  current  at  a  very  rapid  rate.  Since  (he 
completion  of  the  various  lines  of  railway  over  which  the 
■•CJominittee  had  travelled,  a  line  of  steamers  has  been  plaecd 
nfioii  llie  route,  through  the  lake,  to  conneet  with  llie  (rains, 
and  as  (hey  ilo  not  stop  at  but  few  places  on   the   river  the 


1 


10 


I 


,#*w. 


distanco  can  now  he  travel  led  in  nincli  less  time  than  for* 
merly.     These  steanieis  are  calleil  the  I'lxpress  Line. 

TIm'  towns  npon  the  American  shore  ])resent  a  more  enter- 
prisini;  a]i|)eannice,  than  those  ujion  the  Canadian  bank  ot 
the  river.  Many  persons  who  have  not  visited  the  region, 
seem  to  think  that  the  contrast  between  the  two  countries, 
along  the  iSt.  liawrence,  is  as  marked  and  distinct,  as  the 
lithograpliie  repres-^ntations  of  temperance  and  intemperance. 
I'ut  the  (liirerciice  noticeable  along  the  borders  ot'  the  I  nitcd 
States  and  Canada  is  not  so  discernible  as  the  line  ot'  Free- 
dom and  Slaverjftjipon  the  banks  of  the  Ohio  river. 

l']ion  the  New  ^'ork  shore,  the  villages  did  not  seem  to  be 
at  so  regidar  distances  iVoni  each  other,  as  tliey  are  njion  the 
opposite  side,  where,  at  about  every  nine  miles,  a  s[iire,  cov- 
ered with  tni  and  glistening  in  the  sun, 

"  I'ninls  it-:  tiii'cr  liiipr  to  tlio  >ky.'' 

'I'lic  boat  passed  ;imoug  iho.fanioiis  "  Thousand  Islands "" 
during  the  al'ternodii,  and  lor  bi'urs,  her  route  was  through 
scenery  of  the  most , picturfSque  and  interesting  character. 
She  touched  at  EillgstOh,  to iilld  and  receive  jjiisscugers,  and 
as  we  passed  out  of  4faat  liftrtior,  which  is  fornietl  by  a  b.iy, 
the  clear  tones  of  a  bugie  \ii  tho  barracks,  souudeii  tlu;  call  to 
quarters  to  tho  cavalry  there  Stationed.  The  boat  proceeded 
on  lier  course,  and  bet\^t!eu  ^he  hours  of  nine  and  ten  we 
were  sailing  upon  the  waters  of  l,akc  Ontario.  The  moon 
was  near  the  I'liU,  tUf  night  was  clear  and  bright,  and  it  was 
Avitli  some  reluctance  that  the  party,  about  midnight,  retired 
ti>  tlu'ir  stalt!  rooms.  During  the  join'  hours  of  tho  passage, 
after  the  lanterns  were  hoisted  to  the  top  of  the  mast,  but 
two  vessels  were  seen:  one  was  overtaken,  and  the  other  was 
pas.sed.  Moth  were  propellers,  constructed  to  pass  through 
the  locks.  'I'he  siulace  of  the  lake  was  imdistmbed  Ity 
either  wind  or  waves,  and  the  passage  across  the  lake  was 
one  of  the  most  agreeable  character. 

At  the  dawn  of  day,  the  fort  at  Niagara  was  in  si'j;ht,  and 
ui'  li.iil  ;i  fuic  s;iil  np  the  Niagara  rivi'r  to  Lrwiston.  TIk; 
new  wire  susjiension  bridge,  erected  across  the  river  at  Lew- 


ihan  for- 
uro  cntLT- 

i);tiik  »>r 

coniitrics, 
;t,  as  tliu 
n]i(?rancc. 
ic  I'liitcd 
of   l-'icc- 

VA'Wl  to  1)(! 

upon  the 
ipirc,  cov- 


l  Islands" 
IS  tlirousli 
cluiracter. 
Dgers,  and 
by  a  li.iy, 
tlu;  call  to 
jiroceedod 
id  ten  we 
Pile  moon 
;iiid  it  was 
;ht,  retired 
IC  passage, 

mast,  but 

other  was 

IS  through 

tiiihi'd   l)y 

lake  was 


11 


>  .on  this  season,  makes  a  beautiful  appearance.  This  bridge 
is  \v'id(!r  than  iIa'  oii(>  fust  thrown  across  iIk;  river,  some 
miles  nearer  the  Falls,  and  is  the  largest  structure  of  the  kind 
in  the  world,  ft  was  said  that  the  cost  was  nuich  less  than 
the  up])er  one ;  so  that  it  would  pay  good  dividends  to  the 
owners.  It  was  built  to  accommodate  the  local  travel  be- 
tween Lewiston  and  Uueenstown. 

At    Ijcwiston    the    Delegation    took   the    li^nglish  steamer 
"  City  of  Toronto,"  f 'apt.  Dick.     This  boat  was  found  to  be 
I  one  of  the  neatest  and  most  comfortable  of  steamers,  and  its 

Jl  owner  and  commander  as  fine  a  speciraeu^  the  true  gentle- 

man ;is  was  met  during  the  journey.  Fortunately,  Capt. 
Cotlcn,  an  aid-dti-camp  to  the  fiovernor  (ieneral,  was  on 
board  ;  the  (Jomniittec  were  introduced  to  him,  and  arrange- 
ments made  to  further  the  olijccts  of  their  mission.  In  cross- 
ing the  lake,  but  three  vessels  were  seen. 

After  a  sail  of  about  three  lioiu-s,  the  city  of  Toronto  was 
in  sight,  and  its  pidilic  i»uildiugs  yrerq  easily  distinguished. 
TIk;  l^rovincial  Asylum  for  the  Insane,  the  Parliament 
Houses,  the  liu'racks.  and  unntBtous  ,<|hurcU  edifices,  make 
an  imposimr  a[)pearance  from  W^  hirblW. 

At  Lewistoa|-|i  jioriion  of  ^.jDommH'teB  t0ok  passage  in  a 
st(>amer  for  iTamiltot),  a  city  situated  about  40  miles  west 
from  Toronto.  This  city  is  rapidlj?;  ihcreasing  in  commerce 
and  wealth.  An  important  rai^atl  ^cross  the  coimtry  will 
terminate  at  Hamilton,  and  if  is  now  confidently  predicted 
that  the  ])lace  is  destined  to  be  one  of  .tl^e  largest  cities  on 
the  shores  of  the  lakes.  J|:*^*  now  popularly  called  the 
"Q-ueen  of  the  West."' 
The  next  article  will  be  devoted  to  the  city  of  Toronto. 


m 


sight,  and 
Ion.  The 
or  at  li(;w- 


12 


I.ETTER,  No.  HI. 


I 

•r 


^ 


Tlic  delegation  weir  received  at  the  landing  in  Toronto, 
by  the  Mayor  and  ni(!inbor8  of  the  Corporation,  and  by  sever- 
al of  the  (Jovcrnor  (Jcncval's  Cabinet  Ministers.  'Vhv  news 
of  the  intended  visit  of  the  Committee  liad  preceded  their  ar- 
rival, and  the  authorities  hud  made  arrangcjinents  to  receive 
and  welcome  them.  /\fter  a  formal  introdnction,  the  Toron- 
to autlierities  ai^cwnpanied  the  de])ntation  to  their  liotel. 
Mr.  Beard,  the  p^^^rietor  of  tlic  iniblic  honse,  is  a  member  of 
the  City  Government,  and  his  attentions  to  the  Committee 
were  nnmerons,  and  of  great  value  to  them. 

In  a  short  time  after  the  arrival  of  the  delegation,  tlie  (lov- 
ernor  (ieneral,  through  the  inter|)osition  of  his  Aid-dc-Camp, 
assigned  an  early  hour  for  uu  iuterview  at  the  (Jovermnent 
House.  At  the  time  a^jponited,  the  Committee  waited  upon 
Lord  lilgin,  and  were  raceived. with  a  cordiality  which  was 
ipiile  gratifying  to  tliem.  Tlje  letters  of  invitatmu  and  in- 
troduction were  d,9llve>nBdj  W^  the  objects  ol'  the  mission 
were  stated,  fhe  .in||Bnrio-«r  was  of  the  most  pleasurable 
cliaracter.  Anjnvitatidip  to  dine  the  next  day  at  the  <io\(!r- 
nor's  residence,  was^oxtlhded  to  the  Comnnttee,  andacc^ted 

by  them.         '    »♦      't^'iHl  ^ 

The  personal  anp^alTMcWwT -ord  ElLrin  very  much  re.sem- 
hies  that  ot  lloa.  JjHin'Quiricy  Adams.  From  the  rcpresen- 
tatiftns  of  his  i)erso&(  frieii(l»%ii4  political  opponents,  he  is 
not  only  similar  to  the  sage  of  Qtniiie.y,  in  liis  pliysical  organ- 
ization, but  m  those  noble  (pialities  of  moral  excellence  which 
clevati'  and  adorn  men  of  exalted  station.  ^ 

Upon  lh(!  aftfMiioon  of  the  arrival  of  the  Committee,  tne 
band  attached  to  tlie  regiment  stationed  at  Toronto,  played 
for  tlie  amusement  of  the  public  in  the  grounds  of  the  (Jov- 
ermnent House,  which  were  thrown  open  f*jr  visitors.  There 
was  a  laru'c  collection  of  the  populace,  and  the  nio^-t  perfect 
order  and  decoruui  were  pres(!rved,  although  there  wtM'e  no 
guards  or  jiolice  upon  liie   premises.      A    printed   ])rogramme 


13 


y  s>i'Vor- 
U'  iitnvs 
tlioir  ar- 
id'oivo 
Toroii- 
r  lidtol. 
Miilier  of 
mmiltco 

he  («(iv- 
e-Caiiip, 
ernmout 
ed  iijioii 
licli  was 
and  ill- 
mission 
iasnralilr 
i  (Jovcr- 

li  rescm- 
rcpresen- 
ts,  he  is 
il  organ- 
ic wliich 

Itee,  the 

>,  |ilayc(l 
he  (iov- 
'I'licn^ 
;  liri'Tfct 
were    no 


igramiiic 


*. 


informed  the  multitude  rcsp'^cting  the  pieces  to  bo  performed. 
The  band  "  discoursed  most  eloquent  music,''  and  thr;  inter- 
vals between  the  pieces  were  improved  by  a  band  of  bagpi- 
pers, also  connected  with  the  reuinient.  The  dress  of  these 
highland  musicians  gave  rather  more  pleasure  to  some  of  the 
party  than  their  music  ;  for  if  one  bagpijie  is  suUicient  to 

"  Crnck  the  Toico  of  Melody, 
Am\  lirciik  tlio  legs  of  Tiint'.'' 

what  can  be  expected  from  an  increase  in  the  number  of  in- 
struments ?  The  bagpipers  were  clau  in  the  full  dress  of 
their  nation.  The  plaid  hose,  bare  kiie^Mficotch  caps,  and 
nol)le  plumes,  which  mark  their  jieculiar  costtfrae,made  them 
objects  of  interest. 

During  the  performance  of  the  band,  the  piazza  of  the 
Government  House  was  tilled  with  distinguished  jiersonages. 
The  Conmiittee  were  fheri'  inUodueed  to  the  members  of  the 
Cabinet,  th<!  stall',  the  oincorg^of  the  army,  and  many  mem- 
bers of  Pailiament.  *   '  rf  * 

The  IJoii.  Su'  Hew  Dalrymple,  ebmmander  of  the  71st 
rrgiiuont  of  Hi'.rlilanders.  stat|fti!e«|^.(|t'this  place,  ))oliteIy  of- 
fered t^  arrange  a  dress  para[|^'.tl!|^*l^  fegitueut,  the  next 
morning,  Inr  the  special  benefi^o^thl  dclegfUtion.  The  in- 
vitation was  accepted,  and  the  eityotiicerB  volunteered  to 
conduct  their  guests  to  the  barrdcks  ahdpai'ade  ground. 

The  Mayor  and  (Jorjioration  accefftM  the  invitation  of  the 
Committee  to  visit  Hoston  at  tne  RuUrQad  Jubilee,  and  the 
principal  mercantile  houses  t0',jirhom  toners  of  introduction 
had  been  sent  wcn>  very  ifHRSh  interested  in  the  proposed 
festivities.  Throutdi  the'  agency  of  the  mereliauts,  bankers, 
and  public  oirKMTs.  the  names  of  the  most  prominent  mer- 
chants in  <-aiiada  West  were  obtained,  and  invitations  were 
forwarded  to  their  address. 

The  Pari  lament  Houses  were  visited  in  tiie  evening,  when 
both  branches  were  in  session.  The  apartments  in  which 
the  two  bodies  convene,  are  in  one  buildiiiLr.  The  Easteruj 
end  is  occupied  by  the  fjower  House,  or  "  (jCgislative  Assem- 
bly,'' as  It  is  called.     In  the   opposite  end  of  the  House  tjie,' 


1/1 


«  # 


Upper  Branch,  or  "  Lei>;islative  Council  "  is  hold.  Tlic  build- 
ing is  of  brick,  without  much  architectural  hcaiity  :  the  wings 
Avhich  are  dev^oted  to  I'arliauieut,  are  couveuieutly  arranged. 
The  halls  are  about  -10  I'eet  m  the  clear,  and  are  upon  the 
first  story. 

The  Library  of  the  Houses  of  Parliament,  is  in  the  second 
story  of  thf  centre  of  the  building.  At  the  destruction  of  the 
Parliaiuent  Houses  in  Montreal,  a  valuable  library  was  con- 
sumeil.  The  Legislature  is  making  every  eifort  to  restore 
the  loss,  and  have  voted,  within  the  present  year,  $21, 000 
for  that  purpose  j  besides  which,  they  have  received  many 
valuable  donationis  of  books  ;  among  others  there  is  a  com- 
plete setffef  the  Journal  of  the  House  of  Lords,  from  loOO  to 
1S49  inclusive.  Congress  has  also  contributed  liberally,  and 
several  Stales  of  the  fmioA  have  forwarded  sets  of  their  ])ub- 
lic  dociunents.  .-   f 

The    room    first   visiteckg^as,  the   "Legislative   Coimcil." 

*"  ai^plppointed   by  the  Governor 

s*jtfie   presiding  o(Hcor   in   both 

ncil  consists  of  thirty-eight 

'pajority  of  those  present  ap- 

ears  of  age.     An  animated  dis- 

the  question  of  the  passage  of  a 

rs^to  become  directors  of  railway 


Theniembors  of  this  Jj 
Geueral.      lie   also   a 


Hoiisea  of  Parliainei 
members  at  t 
])oared  to  be 
cussion  was  gOMl^'ion 
bill  which  allowed  f 
companies. 

The  Hon.  llcnq 
the   lloor  and 
me.     He  was  ( 


e  Speaker  of  the  Council,  took 
speech  against  the  meas- 
I  robe  of  black  silk,  and 
with  his  linen  bands  and  intetl^nt  countenance,  would  pass 
in  Boston  for  an  Episcopal  IJishop,  dressed  in  fidl  canonical 
robes.  The  .Speakers  and  Clerks  of  both  Houses  of  Parlia- 
ment were  attired  in  similar  style.  When  the  Speaker  todk 
the  lloor  to  address  the  Council,  he  did  not  call  any  one  to 
the  chair.  Three  loud  knocks  upon  the  door  arrested  the  at- 
tention of  the  Messenger.  The  Speaker  resumed  his  seat  in 
the  chair,  and  placed  a  cap  upon  his  head.  A  message  was 
announced  from  the  Assembly.  The  order  was  given  to  ad- 
mit the  messenger,  when  the  Speaker  marched  forward  to  the 


Km 


1' 


bar,  and  the  visitor  informed  him  that  he  was  charcred  with  a 
bill  ])asspd  liy  the  Assembly,  which  was  duly  eiiaroi^sed  in 
I'higlish  and  French,  and  sent  to  the  Council  for  their  apjnov- 
al.  Durinu  an  hour,  five  similar  occnrrences  took  ])laco, 
thitnuh  diti'tTcnt  menibers  brought  in  bills.  It  is  customary 
for  the  Speaker  to  appoint,  as  messenger  to  the  otlier  brancli, 
tli(!  meiiiln'r  who  introduced  the  measure  or  hill. 

The  a]iar(iii('iit  occupied  by  tl.e  Lower  House  has  admir- 
able accommodaf  ions  for  visitors.  The  number  of  members 
is  y4,  who  are  ('quady  divided  between  Canada  East  and 
Canada  West.  The  arrangi'nieiit  of  "l<^i|H|:^  '^  similar  to 
that  of  the  House  of  Commons  in  the  In^^nlal.  Padiament. 
Ui)on  the  ritrlit  of  the  Speal<(!r,  the  mend)ers  of  tiip  Cd;'!"'*" 
occupy  the  niimsterial  benches,  while  t^r  political  opponents 
are  seated  directly  o]ipositc.  After  having  seen  one  sitting 
of  this  body,  the  tVe()uent  allusions  in  English  journals  to 
"cheers  iVom  the  ministeris^  otBb^cs,"  and  cries  of  "  hear, 
hear,  from  the  ojijiosition,"  couklwti  lindeirstood.  The  75 
mend>ers  present  were  not  mqie  olwepy  t^lan  the  380  Repre- 
sentatives in  (>ur  State  l,egis^|||'^j^,  Ifll'tfact  the  noise  and 
confusion  was  at  times  greatef*11t^iai^J|i^  wnter  has  ever  wit- 
nessed in  our  State  House.  The ^iei|p|^^s  interrupt  and  an- 
noy the  person  addressing  the  Vixj^if,  to  -a  degree  which 
wonld  not  be  tolerated  in  any  caiuctlfe^^public  mass  meeting 
in  New   Mngland.  *'     ^f^ 

The  discussion,  upon  the  occJ||iott  o^rdio  visit  to  the  As- 
sembly, was  upon  the  e.\pedu[l||y  oiaslj^llig  for  a  loan  from 
the  Imperial  Parliament,  to i^Pfctruct  a  continuous  railway 
from  Toronto  to  Halifax.  Ths>  whole  subject  of  radways, 
with  their  etl'ects  uihui  business,  their  advantages  over  canals, 
aad  all  the  m:itters  incident  to  their  establishment,  Avere  dis- 
cussed. The  speakers  in  both  Houses  made  frequent  allusions 
to  the  I'nited  Stales,  and  the  experience  of  our  own  State 
and  of  New  l^ngland  was  adduced,  in  order  to  advance  various 
eontlicting  theories. 

The  speakers  were  none  of  them  so  lluent  as  the  orators 
who  address  our  legislatures  usually  are.     There  was  more  di- 


'^ 


,.li" 


4 


M 


16 


i 


t' 


Jet 


rectness,  howov<'r,  and  a  closer  adliorciico  to  the  leading 
points  involved  in  the  discnssion. 

The  most  ellective  speech  made  dip-iiii;  the  evening,  was 
by  Hon.  l-'rancis  Ilincks,  the  leading  nicmlxT  of  Lord  Elgin's 
Ministry,  ;nui  anthor  of  many  valuable  works  on  Canada. 
From  the  tone  and  maimer  of  this  s|ti'ech,  and  from  the  in- 
terest evinced  by  members  of  all  jiarties  during  its  delivery, 
the  iiderence  would  lie  drawn  that  Mr.  Hineks  was  the  lead- 
er of  the  Ministerial  forces  in  the  AssiMubly. 

The  jiresent  Ministry  have  a  very  large  majority  in  the 
A^si'inbly.  Th^pabniet  are  always  niend)ers  of  the  lower 
hausf,  and  t^ie  system  of  election,  by  whicii  residence  within 
the  distrl<;t  is  not  a  t|ualification  for  the  memi)(!rs  «)f  Parlia- 
ment, enables  a  persop  to  be  a  candidate  in  several  districts, 
and  in  case  he  is  elected  in  two  or  three  of  them,  he  can  select 
wlii<;h  constituency  he  will  ri'|iresent. 

The  entrance  to  the  se&to  of  the  members  is  directly  in 
front  of  the  S{)eaker'g  chair,  $^  each  time  a  member  enters 
or  retu'es,  he  turns  aud|)6W8'v>,  the  Speaker,  who  returns  the 
civility.  ?^. 

Each  hall  is  ornamenj^  with  an  inmiense  full  Icngtfi  por- 
trait of  the  dueen. '  Xifc»one  in  the  Assembly  was  savi.'d 
from  the  flames  kt  Montreal,  at  the  time  of  the  destrncliQU  of 
the  I'arliament  Hou^,  by  a  mob,  a  few  years  since.  The 
})ictnre  shows  ma^^flt^e  hftat  to  which  it  was  th(;n  exposed. 

Many  of  ihe  meinbers  of|*arliainent  have  gcmiine  French 
featmes,  and  the  sj^ch^f  cy^^a  number  indicates  that  they 
are  of  French  descent.  •^'rhPjPpBiduig  oliicers  of  botii  houses 
are  of  the  class  popularly  kfiown  as  French  Canadians. 
About  a  dozen  of  the  meinbers  who  avow  political  sentiments 
whicli  in  the  United  States  woidd  be  termed  Radical,  .ftte 
known  in  Canada  by  the  very  suggestive  name  of  the  "  Cl6ar 
Grits."' 

During  the  sessions,  some  of  the  members  sit  with  their 
hats  on,  while  others  appear  desirous  to  show  the  soles  of 
their  boots  to  their  associates.  The  business  of  the  session 
is  usually  tran.sacted  in  the  evening  and  night,     The  evening 


n  k'udiiig 

ling,  was 
id  HI  gin's 
I   (;;iii;i(la. 

Ill    tll(!    ill- 

dolivcry, 
the  IcLul- 

y  ill  tlio 
llio  lower 
ICO  within 
of  I'ailia- 
districts, 
can  select 

uectly  in 
ber  enters 
L'tiirns  the 

3ngtn  por- 
iVas  saved 
;rnciiQu  of 
ice.  »Tho 
ri  exposed, 
le  French 
>  that  they 
:)tli  houses 
Janadiaiis. 
icntitnents 
idical,  tue 
he  "  Clear 

vith  tlieir 
3  soles  of 
le  session 


in  evening 


17 


previous  to  our  visit  to  the  houses,  the  lower  branch  adjourn- 
ed at  .i  o'clock  ill  tli<'  morning,  after  a  session  of  eleven  hours. 
About  1 1  o'clock  seemed  to  be  regarded  as  the  proper  tiino 
to  ailjoiirn. 

'I'lie  oflices  of  the  various  departments  of  the  Provincial 
(Jovcriiiiieiit  are  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  Parliament 
houses.  The  proceedings  in  the  liOgislative  Council  and  As- 
sembly, seemed  to  attract  public  attention  in  the  same  degree 
as  the  action  of  Congress  excites  the  public  mind  during  its 
sessions  at  Washington. 


^&. 


^f 


l.KTTKR,  No.  ^V! 


t  i 


% 


Toronto  is  comparatively  aja^tv  city.  .lu  1S30  its  popula- 
tion was  28()0.  in  1819  it  was  2^^S,  and  jt  is  estimated 
that  before  the  close  of  next  year  it  Will  coatain  upwards  of 
:?(».()CHI  people.  The  general  ai)peaia|jce  of '  the  city  very 
much  resembles  that  of  the  lloirrifihii|g  cities  Ji  Western 
New  ^'oik  and  Pennsylvania.  T^e9tii*(|Bts  are  wide,  and  are 
laid  out  with  a  view  to  the  future  ^wth  of  the  place. 
They  lia\e  ])lank  side  wullSfcf*  'Wfee  ''buisiness  streets  are 
jiaved  with  wood,  or  coveied«pjfrri  planks.  TIk^  roxds  which 
lead  from  the  city  are  inacadami/ed,  and  are  kept  wi  admira- 
ble order. 

The  city  has  a  supjiiy  of  water,  under  the  control  of  the 
Corporation.  It  is  well  furnished  with  drains  and  sewers, 
it  lias  a  fine  market  building,  and  those  to  whom  its  muni- 
cipal affairs  have  been  entrusted,  appear  to  have  exercised 
tli(!  responsible  duties  of  their  station  upon  a  liberal  scale, 
whicli  rellects  the  highest  credit  upon  their  (Milarged  views 
and  eoinpiehensive  policy. 


IS 


I 


• 


^w     ^^ 


Tlic  Mayor  ol'  tlic  city  is  the  senior  partner  m  one  of  the 
nifist  extensive  nu'roautile  houses,  antl  a  nuiiihcr  ot'  tlie  mem- 
bers >>i  tiif  ('or|i(>ratioii  are  connected  with  honses  ol"  cstab- 
listied  rt'|iiitati(Mi.  The  Mayor  is  a  Member  ot'  I'arliament. 
Unite  a  number  of  tlic  citizens  of  Toronto  re})resent  distant 
constituencies  in  tlie  Legislative  Assembly. 

l!ii;lity-fotir  per  cent,  of  the  population  of  ( "anada  ^\est  is 
of  the  Protestant  faith,  divided  anions:  the  various  leadinir 
sects  in  about  the  followinc:  proportions: — 22  percent,  of 
till.'  wlitilr  jiopulation  are  llpiscopalians,  20  per  cent,  are 
Pn>sbyterians,  Ij^jjper  cent,  belong  to  the  Wesleyan,  I'jpiseo- 
pal  and  other  Methodist  chiiivbes,  I  per  cent,  are  baptists, 
10  per  cojit.  art'  coniitcted  with  tlir  Romish  church,  and  the 
ren»niiiiiiir  '0  per  f^ent.  are  divided  amoiic  the  Lutherans  and 
all  (iiIk  T  MiKill  I'rolestaiit  s^^cts.  The  (■haracler  and  iiatiou- 
alitv  <if  the  p(i|iuhitiiiii.  the  popular  institutions,  the  doL'ree  ot 
social  and  political  freedom,  and  the  elements  of  progress  can 
easily  br  inferred,  from  the  aliove  statement,  of  the  reliuious 
faith  professed  by  llie  iiih'ahitQUts. 

After  deviiting  tile  niorniJQg  to  business  connected  with 
their  mission  in  Canada  West,  tlie  Deleuation  met  the  city 
authorities  by  appointment,  and  proceeded  in  carriages  to  the 
parade  ground  and  barjfacks,  whicli  are  situated  about  two 
miles  West  from  the  busuiess  portion  of  th(^  city.  A  few 
block  houses,  bmlt  years  ago,  and  surrounded  with  palisades, 
are  within  the  barracTts, 

The  71st  Regmietit^Lig^t  Inl'antry,  Highlanders,  under 
command  of  (,'ol.  Dalf^ple,  Vei't'  formed  in  a  line  inside  of 
the  barrack  enclosure.  Tliey  marched  to  the  parade  ground, 
about  half  a  mile  from  their  (piarters,  and  were  placed  in  line, 
ready  to  re(;eive  the  ( Jovernor  Cieneral.  As  the  clock  in  a 
neighboring  tovser  struck  the  hour  ajipoiuted  for  the  review, 
a  trumpet  announced  the  arrival  "V)?  the  Commander-iii-Chiei'. 
with  his  stall'.     Lord  J'ilyin  and  suite  were  received  with  the 


customary 


bono 


rs. 


The    reiiiment    was  about    800    strouir. 


Alter  the  review  many  battalion  manoMivres  were  performed 
with  great  exactness.  The  ceremonies  closed  with  a  drill  of 
the  reciinent  as  skirmishers,  in  which  all  the  movements  of 


th 


1'.) 


le  rclmious 


liii;lit  tron|is  m  presence  ot"  an  enemy,  loiiiiation  of  s(|uares  lo 
resist  lavalry.  liiinLrs,  and  similar  movements,  ui'ie  exliiluied 
with  ureal  ai-euraey  and  fine  t'ti'ect. 

The  I'rdviiieial  Instituli()H  lor  the  Insane,  was  next  visited, 
'^riie  huihimi:  oecmpiod  for  this  purpose,  is  finely  located,  and 
has  very  larue   uriMinds  eomiccted  witli  it.     It    is  ahoiit   tlie 
size  ol'  the  Massachusetts  tieneral  Hospital,  in  IJnslon.      It  is 
u  nohhf  monument  of  tlu?  philanthropy  of  thi>  Province.      In 
its  internal  arrangements,  it   is  the   pattern   of  neatness  aiid 
good  order.     Tiie  structure  contains  all   the  most  approved 
modern  arrangements  for  heating  and  ventiUition.    Both  male 
and  I'emale  wiiiirs  have  am|)le  accommodations  in  each  story 
to  enahle  the    inmates  to    he    in   tiie   open  air.      It  woiUd  he 
very  diilicult    indeed    to    suggest    any  improvement   in   the 
budding  or  its  internal  arrangements.     The  Superintendent 
stated  that  the  Directors  had  visited  most  of  the  insane  insti- 
tutions ia  the  Tnited  Statesi'^d  .had   eoj)ied  the  best  plans 
and   arrnnLrements  in   each.     The   numix-r  of  ])ali(MUs   was 
about  2'i(l.     The  same  preponderance  of  female  patients  over 
the  ninnber  ol'  males,  which  ftow  prevails  in  the  institutions 
in  the  States,  also  exists  in  Cana4a.  ^'^     ic  .• 

There  is  hut  one  colored  patient  in  this  .Vsyliun.  He  was 
reported  by  the  oliicers  to  he  a  .slave,  who  escajied  from  Hon. 
Henry  Clay  some  y(>ars  ago.  The  fact  of  but  one  negro  pa- 
tient in  the  oidy  public  insane  institittioii  in  Canada  West, 
led  to  an  iiKpiiry  res|)ecting  the  number  of  fugitives  in  Can- 
ada. It  was  stated  that  the  •*im|?be^^f  blacks  who  had  tied 
from  slavery,  and  settled  in  Ganada^was  not  near  so  large 
as  was  generally  reported  in  the  United  States.  The  writer 
made  impiiries  of  public  oliicers  in  the  provincial  and  muni- 
cipal governments,  of  clergymeri  of  various  denominations, 
and  of  intelligent  citizcQ^  of  diflerent  parties,  and  the  testi- 
isinony  of  these  persons  was  uniformly  the  same.  The  city 
'  oliicers  and  lawyers  stated,  that  while  many  of  the  fugitives 
were  industrious  and  frugal,  yet,  as  a  class,  they  were  not  at 
all  .1  desirable;  po])ulation.  One  of  the  most  intelligent  gen- 
tlemen stated  that,  as  a  class,  the  blacks  of  Canada  were  to 
the  population  there,  much  the  same  as  the  poor  and  ignorant 


20 


I 


r 


Irish  immigrant  was  to  the  Northern  citios  of  tlie  Sta  ■. 
The  reader  will  pluajt!  remember  that  the  -ihove  is  a  mere 
recital  ol'  /J/e/.v,  and  that  in  these  nrtMes  it  is  .lot  tlioti^ht 
])r(>|ier  to  disenss  the  abstract  t|Uesl.i-..  i,  wliefh.-r  or  not  the 
most  desirabh."  |io|iidation  lor  a  country  vv'U  be  those  who 
escape  from  the  o|i|)ressions  oi  eitlier  the  old  world  or  the 
new. 

One  faet  connected  with  the  Insane  Asyhim  ni  'I'oronto 
will  show  the  religions  toleration  which  exists  in  n.nn  ida 
West.  There  are  rooms  m  the  bniliiins^  for  rel''','ioiifj  >e.- 
vices  in  the  lli)iscoiial  and  Roman  Catholic  I'orms.  and  one 
whicfi  is  nsed  tor  other  denominations.  The  liistitutioii  has 
a  fine  ball-room,  which  is  often  used  by  the    in^  iles. 

In  returning  to  the  city,  the  extrusive  j;roinids  of  the 
UniveriSitf  were  visited.  One  of  the  most  ])leasinu  and  strati- 
fying circnmstauces  connected  with  the  jjresent  social  eondi- 
tion  of  Canada  West,  is  the  deej^  interest  taken  by  all  classes 
of  tlie  ito|)iilatio)i  in  the  subject  of  iiopulai  <'d'.ication.  The 
last  report  ol'  the  Rev.  Dr.  llyerson,  chief  Snpenntendent  of 
the  Schools  of  the  Province,  states  the  mnnbor  oj'  public 
schools  to  be  '.JUoU :  the  number  of  pupils  connected  there- 
with IS  151,891.  In  Toronto,  a  fine  building,  situated  iii  an 
open  sfiuare  of  nearly  eight  acres,  will  be  finished  this  year, 
for  the  Provincial  Normal  School.  The  buildinu  and  laud 
will  cost  !3<60,()UO.  The  corner  stone  was  laid  the  2d  of  July 
last,  by  Lord  Elgin,  who  pronounced  an  address  upon  the 
occasion.  This  addre^^Jps  been  published,  and  has  met 
with  an  extensive  sale^^s  ad'thor  is  said  to  bo  the  most 
finished  orator  in  British  North  America,  and  we  found  his 
late  public  address  had  excited  ureat  attention.  A  perusal 
warrants  the  liiuh  ])rai  .  A'hi.h  ii  elicited.  J>r.  Uye'son  is 
one  if  the  most  cele>  rat^'^  '<  '"OTmen  f  'he  Aleihodist 
Church.  IJy  his  zeal  ■  ^.jVv.  i.{Jh'to  the  causi'  t)f  popularllt. 
education,  he  has  infused  life  and  energy  into  the  [lublic 
mind  to  such  a  de^Mce,  that  last  year  the  ])eo[)le  of  (Janada 
West  voluntarily  taxed  themselves  for  the  salaries  of  teachers 
for  a  larger  sum,  in   proportion   to   their  uund)ers,  and   have 


he  Stnfl. 

i^  ;i  inore 
iit  tlioii;;lit 

i|-  not  tli(3 
tliosf  wlu) 
iilcl  or  the 

II  'I'oronto 
in  nnii;4(la 
li:iou..  >c,' 
1^.  iiiiM  oiin 
itiilioii  lias 

lids  of  the 

r  and  i?rati- 

)inal  f'oncii- 

r  all  classes 

tion.     Tlie 

nteiident  of 

r  dl'  |)iil)lic 

'cUid  there- 

iiated  hi  au 

d  this  year, 

\l   and   land 

•  2d  of  J  Illy 

'^  upon   the 

id   has  met 

e   the  most 

e  found  his 

A  perusal 

Kyersou  is 

iWelliodist 

of  popular 

the  [jublic 

of  (Janada 

of  teachers 

■i,  and   have 


•31 


kc|)t  open  thf  ir  schools  on  an  avemc;c  more  months,  than  the 
neiuhhorinu'  citiz^rts  of  the  .jfi  m  State  of  New  York. 

Ill  the  evenini,',  tho  dfleifutioii  dined  at  Rluisley  House,  the 
residence  of  i    e  Governor '«(»neral,     Tli«  party  con visted  o* 
the  iioston  Coiniuittee,  the  speakers  of  b^ith  branches  oi   the 
Legislature,  two  memlii  rs  of  the  C'abuiet,  then  two  pretl'  ces- 
Bors,   Sir   liew    Duhyrn|)le,  an    liiijilisli    IJaptist  Clergyman) 
liieut.  J(»nes,  U.  S.  Army,  Hon.  (Jharles  Paine,  of  Vermont 
Col.  Schlatter,  of  ()<.Mlensburg,   the   members  v^f  the   suite 
l.ord  Mluin  and  his  lady.     The  conversation  h;i.s  confined  to 
the   topics  naturally  sm^gested   by  the  mis}«  iii    of  the   IJos- 
toniaiis,  the  |insent  li.i|)py  relations  existing  betw.'cn  the  two 
governments,  and  the  jjiogress  made  by  the  people   of  New 
England,  in  the  arts  of  peaceful  industry. 

Lieut.  Jones  served  through  the  Me.xican  war  au^  inter- 
ested the  military  gentlemen  present,  by  Ins  intelligent  ob- 
servations resjiecting  his  canipaigns.  We  f  aid  the  oliicers 
of  tln'  Knulish  Army,  wherever  we  nut  with  ihciii,  i[uitc 
enthiisiaslic  in  their  expressions  of  regard  to  lie  memory  of 
the  vet«!ran  warrior,  who  m^  called  to  tli  Presidential 
Chair  by  the  votes  of  a  nation  of  i'leemen,  an  whose  spot- 
less career,  both  as  a  soldier  and  a  civilian,  has  attracted  the 
attention,  and  received  the  admiration  of  millions  upon  each 
side  of  the  Atlantic. 

After  retiring  from  Lord  Elgin's,  in  accordaii'  e  with  ar- 
rangements which  had  previously  bcea  made,  the  ,'ommittee, 
in  company  with  the  Cabinet  MiuMtors,  attended  a  brilliant 
levee  at  the  residence  of  one  of^ne  citizens  of  Toronto. 
A  numerous  and  brilliant  company  were  assemble.  ,  and  the 
evening  was  jiassed  in  a  most  pleasurable  mamier. 

The  Committee  were  gratified  that  Lord  Elgi  i  would 
accept  the  invitation  of  JJ^e  Bolton  Municipal  Authorities,  if 
1*  the  state  oi'  public  ;dfalrs  would  allow  him  to  b  ive  the 
province  at  the  perictd  of  the  commemorative  I'estivitits.  -His 
cabinet  ministers,  many  members  of  Parliament,  olijccrs  of 
the  urmy,  and  ollicial  j)ersonages,  have  acc<'pted  inviUitions 
iM  be  present. 


22 


I 

1 


i 


k 


Tlie  Committee  left  Toronto  at  noon,  on  Friday,  the 
15th  Aiiuust.  l)Mrni;j:  the  hist  mornini;  ot'  their  stay,  they 
were  waited  ujioir  by  a  hirge  number  of  the  principal  mer- 
chants and  bankers  of  the  city.  The  members  of  Parliament, 
and  of  the  cabinet,  fnriiished  them  letters  of  introduction  to 
various  parties  lu  Montreal  and  Uuebec.  The  otlicers  of  the 
army  railed  to  |iay  jiartinL'  respects  to  their  visitors.  Tiie 
niaynr  and  oliicers  of  the  Corjioration  also  came,  and  the  pro- 
prietor of  the  iiotel  paid  every  attention  to  the  large  company 
assembled. 

Unite  a  deputation  from  the  various  classes  M'ho  had  called 
upon  the  Conunittee,  accompanied  them  to  the  steamer. 

It  may  with  truth  be  said,  that  the  ])eo|ih'  of  Canada  West 
ari'  desirous  of  cultivating  the  aeipiaiiitanee,  and  extending 
their  business  relations  with  the  ])eo])le  ol"  New  l-jnyland. 
The  mission  of  the  Committee  from  Boston  (UMMirred  at  a 
most  fortmiale  period,  as  the  Provincial  Parliament  were 
engaged  in  the  discussion  of  tlie  whole  subject  of  railways, 
canals,  and  public  improvements,  and  ])ublic  attention  was 
engrossed  by  the  debates  upon, the  suliject. 

Canada  West  is  destined  to  be  one  of  the  most  prosperous 
and  wealthy  pintions  of  the  American  contiiiiut.  Its  climate 
and  soil  are  as  favorable  to  agriculture  as  the  best  portion  of 
New  York.  In  five  years  out  t)f  the  last  eight  the  ther- 
mometer has  not  had  so  wide  a  range  as  it  has  in  Massachu- 
setts. The  country  at  the  present  time  is  in  advance  of 
what  Western  New  Yod||g|irus  at  the  close  of  the  last  war 
>vith  England.  The  jiS^^' liave  many  sympathies  in  com- 
mon with  their  brethren  u]ion  the  opposite  side  ol'  tlie  lake 
and  liver,  and  it  is  hoped  that  the  mtlueiice  which  will  be 
exerted  by  the  increased  facilities  for  coimnunicatiou,  will 
be  of  a  character  to  be  of  lastiuftigood  to  all  the  parties 
interested  thereiti. 


ot 

ri'l 


♦ 


23 


liny,  the 
ay,  tliey 
pal  iiicr- 
rliameiit, 
iictioii  to 
-Ts  ol'  tlie 
IS.  Tlic 
the  ])r()- 
ronipaiiy 

ad  called 
ner. 

adu  West 

xtendiiig 

lltiulaiid. 

rred   at  a 

lent  were 

radways, 

iitiini  was 

)ros|ifr(nis 
ts  climate 
jMiriioii  ol' 
the  ther- 
Vlassachii- 
Ivaiico  ol' 
'  last  war 
s  in  coiu- 
tho  lake 
h  will  ho 
tion,  will 
le  jiartics 


# 


LE'rTER,  No.  y. 

The  delegation  left  Toronto  at  noon  on  Friday,  the  L'th 
f  Anirnst,  in  the  steatner  "  I'rincess  Royal,"  tor  Kingston, 
rile  (japtain  of  the  hoat  is  hrother  of  ("aptain  Dick,  of  the 
steamrr  "  City  of  Toronto,"  and  l)y  his  courtesy  and  atten- 
tions to  his  jiasseimers,  their  stay  on  hoard  his  hoat,  is  ren- 
dered hotli  pleasant  and  interesting.  'I'hc  English  boats 
upon  the  Lake  follow  t!ie  Canada  shore,  and  during  the  after- 
noon we  sailed  upwards  of  a  hundred  miles  along  the  South- 
ern boundary  of  Canada  West.  Throughout  this  distance, 
the  land  gave  unniistakahle  evidence  of  its  iireat  fertility,  and 
the  towns  upon  the  Lake  appear  to  he  rapidly  iuiproviug  in 
wealth  and  population.  l''or  ten  years,  during  the  past  fifteen, 
seasons,  in  the  eastern  section  of  (.'anada  West,  the  wheat 
Hy  caused  great  loss  to  those  who  cultivated  wheat  fields. 
This  loss  was  said  to  he  very  severely  felt,  and  the  whole 
reirion  was  retarded  in  trrowth  and  improvement  thereby. 
Ihit  within  tin;  three  past  years  the  population  of  the  whole 
Province  have  been  prosperous,  and  a  spirit  of  enterprise 
has  .vprun<,Mi|i  which  now  gives  promise  to  infuse  life  and 
energy  iiilo  all  tlepartineiits  of  trade  and  industry.   .^   "-^^ 

Th(!  st(!amer  sto|)i)ed  at  Fort  Mope,  a  town  sixty-five  miles 
east  I'roin  Toronto.  'I'his  place  has  the  best  harbor  upon  the 
.Northern  shore  of  Lake  Ontario,  jriie  boat  .landed  quite  a 
number  of  passengers  at  (\)b(»ueg|i|p)sperous  town,  seventy- 
two  miles  from  Toronto.  This  pIKe  is  one  which  is  rapidly 
increasing.  ,  It  is  the  district  town  of  tin;  Newi.'isile  District. 
The  buildings  are  upon  a  beautiful  slope  of  land,  and  indi- 
cate that  the  popiilalioii  have  wealth  and  good  taste.  The 
\Vesl(!y;m  .Meth(«d!sts  l)#e  a  Colleue  located  here  ;  the  build- 
ing erected  for  its  use,  forms  a  iironiiiient  object  in  viewing 
the  town  from  the  Lake.  • 

'I'he  odicers  of  the 'steamer,  and  a  number  of  the  passen- 
gers were  Scolrh  people.  A  blind  musician  was  on  board, 
and  dining  llu^  evening  the  main  deck  was  the  scene  of  much 


iM 


24 


I 


t 


mcrnmont.  Many  Scotch  rods  nnd  ntlior  daiicos  wcro  ex- 
ecutod  ill  lino  stylo,  :iiid  the  inorriniont  was  kopt  up  with  in- 
creasing interest  until  nearly  11  o'clock.  'I'he  boat  arrived 
at  KiMiistiin  by  daybreak,  on  Saturday  morning,  so  that  our 
])arty  had  tiino  to  go  up  into  the  town,  and  examine  its  ap- 
peaianic.  It  has  a  most  splcpdid  markot  building,  which 
excites  iho  attention  of  visitors.  The  lortilicatitMis  are  very 
extensive.  Kingston  is  said  to  be  second  only  to  (.-lucboc, 
in  tile  strength  of  its  military  defence.  The  streets  are  wide 
and  regular.  The  spacious  dwellings,  and  solid  appearance 
of  every  thing  about  the  city,  reminds  one  more  of  Salem,  in 
our  own  State,  than  of  any  other  city  or  town. 

Kingston  is  one  hundred  and  ninety-nine  miles  west  of 
Montreal,  but  the  passage  is  made  to  Lachino,  within  nine 
miles  of  Montreal,  in  thirteen  hours.  In  going  down  the 
'river,  the  steamers  pass  through  the  rapids,  and  the  current 
aids  their  passage  materially.  A  sail  through  the  rapids  of 
the  St.  Lawrence  is  most  exciting.  No  descrijitiou  will  con- 
vey to  those  who  have  never  made  the  passage  an  adet[uate 
idea  of  the  scene  : 

"Noufilit  Imt  itself  cm  be  its  ]ii\n»llrl." 

Our  passoVigers  were  landed  at  l.achine  about  dark,  and 
took  cars  for  INhmtreal.  Hy  an  accident  to  the  train  they  did 
J  not  reach  Montreal  till  '.»  o'clock.  At  the  station  hoii.se,  the 
delegation  found  the  Mayor  and  members  of  the  corporation 
were  waiting  tb  give  the|aaii  ollicial  reception.  .After  an  in- 
troduction the  parties  tlpv  carriages  for  the  Hay's  House, 
where  rooms  had  been  engaged  for  th(>m.  Alter  a  fvw  mo- 
ments tli(!  party  were  taken  into  the  elegant  hall  ol'  the  Hay's 
House.  wli(M-e  a  splendid  epIertainnitMit  had  been  ]ireparod. 
The  dL'piitalioii  were  welconjed  by  the  INhiyor,  and  spei'chos 
wiTu  niadt!  by  several  ol'  iIk!  < 'orpl^atiou,  to  whieh  replies  .^^ 
were  made  by  nuMubers  of  the  (Committee.  They  accepted  W 
an  invitation  to  attend  religious  service  at  tlie  ( 'atliolie  (,'athc- 
dral.  on  the  following  day. 

Tile    Koinan  (Jatholic  ('athedral  in   Moiitical    is  saiil  to  be 
the  largest  church  edifice  on   this  continent.     It  is  of  (Jothic. 


1 


1 


one 


wove  cx- 
I  with  iu- 
at  arrived 
I  that  our 
no  its  ap- 
iLT,  which 
i  arc  vory 
)  Utiehoc, 

art!  wide 
ppearaiice 
Saleiii,  ill 

s  west  of 
ithin  nine 
down  the 
he  current 
rapids  of 
I  will  con- 
1  adctpiate 


dark,  and 
n  they  did 
house,  the 
:orporation 
iftcr  an  in- 
y's  Mouse, 
1  fow  nio- 
thc  ]  lay's 
prepared, 
d  s|n'c'ohes 
lii'h  replies 
y  accepted 
(ilic  L'atlie- 

said  to  lie 
;  of  (lotliic^ 


t 


architecture,  250  feet  in  lonctli,  l)y  V.15  in  breadth.  Twelve 
lliDUsaiid  persons  can  ciinilortahly  I'e  acconniiodated  within 
its  walls.  Tile  ponipiuis  and  iuipnsing  services  of  the  Catho- 
lic ritual  wer(!  performed  upon  a  scale  of  grandeur  and  mair- 
nilicence  in  harmony  with  the  sizc^  of  the  edifice,  and  the 
throng  i)f  worshippers  who  crowded  its  hroad  and  extensive 
aisles.  The  music  was  superb,  and  the  whole  services  were 
upon  a  urand  .scale.  The  sermon  was  delivered  in  French. 
It  was  of  unusual  ■length,  so  that  the  .services  wore  full  three 
hours  long.  The  upper  ualleries  were  not  full,  yet  a  careful 
otimatioH  of  tlu!  congregation  indicated  that  between  eight 
and  nine  thousand  jier.sous  were  present.  There  were  about 
one  hundred  priests  and  assistants  within  tlie  altar. 

The  writer  atteiiileil  (^veiiinu;  service  at  an  Episcopal 
Church,  wliiTi!  the.  soldiers  coiuiccted  with  the  regiment  sta- 
tioned in  .Montreal,  who  were  ot'the  (Jhurcli  of  llngland,  had 
public  worship  performed  for  llieir  accommodation.  The 
number  of  soldiers  present  was  nearly  seven  hundred.  They 
made  ;i  tine  appearance  in  the  church.  The  pupils  of  the 
retziuiental  school  nccupied  benches  in  the  main  aisle  of  tlio 
edifice,  ami  made  the  responses  in  a  loud  and  clear  maimer. 
The  reginiental  baud  iierlormed  the  chants,  ami  played  each 
tune  the  Word  ''  Amen"  occurred  in  the  service.  The  elFect 
was  striking  and  draiiialic.  The  soldiers  of  the  army  have 
their  choice  respectiiin  the  ciimcli  they  desire  to  alteiid.  The 
natives  ot'  S(;otland  usually  woisliip  at  Presbyterian  churches. 
Tile  Irish  are  mostly  Catholics.  About  seventy  percent,  of 
the  |)opulatioii  ol'  Montieal  are  the'^lpBdcudaiils  of  the  I'reuch, 
and  it  is.  ilierel'ore,  a  Catholu'  city. 

Oil  Monday,  tbe  ( 'ommittee  devoted  the  morning  to  the  busi- 
iiess  ol"  their  mission.     They  found  the  business  men  of  Mon- 
treal tiiiite  eiitliusiastic  iajffilation  to  the  intended  celebration. 
-The    principal    bankers,  "Tniporters  and    uuMchaiits   gave    the 
■Committee  a  warm  and  hearty  welcome,  and  assured  them  of 
ihmr  deep  interest    in  all  those  great  schemes  of  internal  iin- 
])rov(>nieiif,  which    have    been    principally  constructed  by  the 
jieople  ol' ,\ew  Fiiiglaiul,  to  (HUiiiect  the  Caiiaiias  with  Hoston. 
Already  the  trade  ol'   Montreal    has    felt  the  beiiejicial  results 
•I 


26 


I    I 

I 


I    ?  ''!■!: 


^^(%- 


W-   ''' 


of  tlie  new  and  rapid  means  of  communication,  and  her  mer- 
eliants  duly  appreciate  tlie  importance  of  the  lines,  wiiicli 
now  place  lier  within  a  day's  ride  of  Boston,  and  wiiich  no 
five  months"  frost  can  fetter,  or  place  imder  a  winter's  em- 
bargo. 

At  noon,  the  Delegation  met  the  Mayor  and  Corporation  at 
fhi'ir  rooms.  Mr.  Urinlt^y,  in  behalf  of  the  Muni'-ipal  authori- 
ties df  Hoston,  ex])lained  the  objects  of  the  mission,  and  ex- 
tended a  formal  invitation  to  the  (Jor])orati'on  of  Montreal,  to 
visit  ]5ostoii  the  week  of  the  Railroad  Jnbilec!.  The  Mayor 
replied,  in  1>ehall'  of  his  associates,  and  accepted  the  invita- 
tion. Tilt;  Helfgation  were  gratified  to  find  a  native  of  Bos- 
ton a  member  ol'  the  Montreal  l?oard  of  Aldermen.  This 
grntleman  resided  in  Boston  when  the  present  City  Hall  was 
erected,  and  worked  upon  the  building  at  his  trade  of  stone 
mnson.  lie  went  to  (Canada  during  the  last  war,  as  a  si)ldi«^r, 
under  Gen.  Dearborn,  and  alter  the  peace  of  lKli»,  si'ttled  in 
Cauada,  where,  by  his  enterprise  and  iiuhistry  he  has  secured 
a  competence.  lie  assured  the  (Committee  that  he  would 
visit  Boston  and  call  upon  them,  in  the  bnildiiiii  which  he 
worked  iipan,  and  which  they  worked  in.  A  member  of  the 
Corporation  is  a  native  of  Vermont,  and  is  a  hue  rejiresenta- 
tive  ol'  those  sterling  <[nalities  which  have  always  distin- 
guished the  sons  ol'  the  Green  Mountain  State. 

At  the  interview  at  the  Corporation's  rooms,  the  Commit- 
tee accepted  an  invitation  to  a  visit  to  the  "  ^louiitaiu,''  a 
famous  place  of  resort jfcfetjie  suburbs  of  the  city.  At  the 
hour  apjiointed,  the  bSSJ^  and  Corporation  called  at  the 
hotel,  and  took'  their  trnests,  in  carriages.  In  each  vehicle, 
but  one  member  of  the  Committee  was  permitted  to  ride.  It 
was  also  arranged  liiat  all  political  parties  should  Ik;  repre- 
sented in  each  carriage.  This  wji  tlie  case  in  all  tli<;  cities 
visited.  The  object  was,  that  no  orrdneous  impression  should^' 
lie  niade  upon  the  minds  of  the  strangers.  HcMice,  Tori(!S 
and  Radicals,  Miiiist<'rialists  and  Opposition,  French  ('ana- 
(baiis  and  Fiiiglishinen,  were  sure;  that  their  jiolilical  si'iiti- 
rnenls  would  he  re[)resented  to  (sicli  visitor. 


27 


Hid  her  mcr- 

liiii's,  which 

ikI  which  110 

winter's  em- 

orporatioii  at 

ipal  aiithori- 

ioii.  ami  ox- 

IMoiitreal,  to 

TIk"  Mayor 

eil  the  invita- 

lativc  of  |{ns- 

cniuMi.     Tiiis 

jity  Hall  was 

trade  t)f  stone 

r.  as  a  soldier, 

^ir»,  settled   in 

le  has  secured 

hat    he  would 

liiiir  which  lie 

iiieinher  of  the 

iiie  representu- 

[ilways   distiii- 

the  Conimit- 
'  Mountain,"  a 
cMy.  At  the 
called  at  the 
I  each  vehicle, 
ed  to  ride.  It 
oiiid  he  ropre- 
M  all  tli(!  cities 
)ression  should 
Hence,  Tories 
French  (y'ana- 
lolitical    seiiti- 


The  ride  round  the  mountain  is  through  a  line  country. 
North  of  the  city,  elegant  and  tasel'ul  residences  occupy  the 
laud.  AIUm'  reaching  the  northern  sIojh'  oi'  tli(!  inouutaiu.  a 
magnilicent  panorama  meets  the  eye.  For  miles  and  miles, 
the  couiilry  is  highly  cultivated,  and  the  scenery  is  superb. 
The  valley  oT  the  dttawa  river  can  be  distiiiuuished  lor  a 
grtat  distance.  To  the  South,  the  St.  Lawrence  is  seen, 
with  the  level  country,  lia|)rairie,  upon  the  opposite  shore, 
Willi  the  ran^e  of  mnuntanis  iii  \(!W  Vuik  and  WmiuoiU  in 
the  southern  and  eastern  directions. 

Monklaiids  is  the  name  given  to  the  mansion  house  at  the 
^Toiintain.  where  Lord  Flgiu  lived  durii.ig  his  residence  in 
]\liii!treal.  it  is  tinely  situated,  is  surrounded  by  venerable 
woods,  ;nid  its  internal  arrangements  are  upon  a  scale  suita- 
ble I'or  the  residence  ol'  any  person,  hnwever  distinguished. 
Alter  visit iim  the  spacious  apartnirnts  and  extensive  grounds, 
the  company  were  ushered  into  an  elegant  hall,  where  a  din- 
ner was  provided,  in  a  style  worthy  the  chaiacter  t)I' the  city 
by  whn.sc  authorities  it  was  iiriven. 

At  this  dinner  elniiuent  speeches  wta'e  iiiaiit;,  and  appropri- 
ate sentinients  L;iven.  Tlii'  plac(!,  occasion,  past  history,  and 
present  relations  of  the  respective  nations  and  races  ot'  men, 
who  were  thus  assend)led  as  friends  and  neighbors,  atl'orded 
themes  for  eloipieiice,  and  were  improved  in  a  maimer  whitili 
evinced  that  when  tlu!  teelings  an;  ileeply  moved,  and  upon 
great  occasions,  all  men  who  have  ihe  attainiuent,  as  Jed'er- 
son  expresses  it,  "  of  thndcing  u||||yu!ir  legs,"  can  be  inter- 
esting and  eloi|neiit.  i^Vj^ 

It  now  appears  that  the  social^mtercourse  which  results 
from  our  railways,  rmd  the  intimacies  and  business  connec- 
tions establisheil  and  increased  thereby,  will  exert  a  very 
potent  intliieiice  upon  th$  peojile,  in  all  countries  where  they 
are  established.  It  was  bef'iii!  (he  estiiblishmeiit  ni  the 
modern  means  ol'  commuuKatinn  that  (.'owjier  penned  Ins 
familiar  lines  ; 

'   l.iiini-  iiiUT^ccU'd  |py  a  iiiiiii>u  iVilli 
Alilior  cacli  oiIht.     Muiiiilains  iiiici|ioHti1 
.Mal.c  I'jii'iiiii'N  (irimlliiiis  uliii  liiiil  t'lnc, 
Lil\i'  kiiiili't'il  ilii»|)>».  bi'cii  iiiiiif;lL'(l  into  OIK'." 


W: 


1 


28 


The  writer  ncciipioil  ;i  si>;it  between  a  I'^iTiioli  Catholic  and 
a  .l(!\v.  'I'lic  talilc  \\;is  a  sort  of  "world's  coiiveiilioii,''  in 
Avhii'li  ail  I'iviiizcd  iialions  wore  rt'iircseiilcd.  Two  of  tlir 
spt'cclu's  wvw  made  in  tlic  l''rciioli  laiiLTuaizo,  as  tlicir  aiitiiors 
could  not  uiidursiaiid  English  well  ciiDUgii  tt>  speak  it  in 
public. 


MlTTllll,  \o,   VI. 


't 


^sas: 


^*       the 


On  Tuesday,  aflor  |)assiim  the  inoruiug  in  lecriving  visttor'> 
fidiii  the  various  cumniereial,  iindessional,  ami  dllicial  ranks 
of  society,  the  delegation,  in  company  witli  the  i\Iayi>r 
of  Montreal,  and  a  nnml)er  nt'  Ins  associates  in  nllice, 
visited  s<nt'ial  pla«.'es  of  note  in  ihr  eity.  .The  Catholic 
Cathedral  was  tirst  examined,  and  the  lung  j(mrii»>y  to  its 
tower  performed.  The  top  of  the  tnw-r  is  'J'iO  tret  ahove 
the  levi'l  (if  the  street.  A  inaLniilicriit  view  oi'  the  I'liy  and 
its  bubnrhs  is  ohtained  at  that   'jvvwi   I'li'vation,  and    altlioimh 


ascent  is  a  lahdiiinis  oiii',  lin'  \  isitor    is  amply   re] 


laK 


1    I 


or 


his  fatigtie,  hy  the  exti'iit,  variciy,  and  ht.'anty  of  the  [laiiora- 
ma  which  meets  Ins  v 


TI 


iroiiLtl 


aszenc' 


ilir   miiiiiei 


pal    guides,   the  party 


visited  three  df  the  pniieipal  nnimcries  in  the  city.  The  first 
convent  visited  was  dcvnti'd  to  the  education  of  yoniig  girls. 
It  has  been  established  upwards  of  200  years.  The  buildings 
are  very  extensive.  'I'lify  are  rather  anti(pie  in  their  jipptjar- 
anee.     The  scinud  desks  and  I'lirnUtire  are  lull  a  eriiturv  be- 


iiiiid  the  times. 


The    rooms  havt;  low   ceilings  :   the    walls 
an'  ornamented  with  litliugraphs  of  Saints,  and  scriptural  en- 


mas. 


'he^  arc  as  neat  as  the  apartments  of  the  Shak- 
"^riierc  are  several  chapels  eonii(;cted  with  the  biiildiiiir, 


grav 

ers. 

in  most  of  them  riniis  were  noticed  at   their  devnlioir 


Th 


20 


lliolic  and 
■iitioii,''  ill 
wii  of  the 
cir  autliors 
|)e;ik   it   in 


iuy  visitors 
licial  ranks 
llie  Mayiir 
^  in  nilice, 
I).'  (.'atliiilic 
iincy  lo   its 

I'ciU  ahovo 
lie  city  and 

III     altiinllLdl 

,•   ifjiaid    Inr 
the  [janoia- 

3,   tlin  party 
r.     'I'lie  fnst 

yonni:  ^nrls. 
'lie  l)Uildings 
llit'ir  a|)|M'ar- 
:  ccnttuy  bu- 
<  :  the  walls 
icriptural  cn- 
dT  the  Shak- 
tlii;  liiiildniL', 
tiKHIs.      'I'll.- 


'^ 


jiardnil  of  the  convniit   was  cnltivatod  v/ith  taste,  and  was 
filled  with  hcantil'ii!  llowt-rs,  which  appeared  in  stranj^f  con- 
trast with  the  internal  gloominess,  by   which  they  were  en- 
tirely sin'rouiidcd.     Tln^  lady  snperior  was  very  attentive  and 
polite;  specimens  ot' rich  embroidery  were  ])rodnced,  of  such 
exipiisite  workmanship,  that  it  wonld  almost  seem  an  abuse 
of  eyesight  to  attempt  to  coj.y  tiieir  fine  and  delicate  shadings. 
TIjc    next    Convent    visited   was  occupied  by  Sisters    of 
anotiier  order.     This  structure  is  appropriated  for  the  use  of 
the  indigent  sick  :  it  is,  in  fact,  a  pauper  hospital.     It  is  divi- 
ded into  wards,  and  is  a  very   extensive  establisliment     The 
ceiling  is  low,  and  the  ventilation  is  poor.     Each  bed  is  en- 
tirely siPTonnded  with  curtains.     F'rom  a  survey  of  the  beds 
and  turniture  in  the'  apartments,  it   would  seem   doubtful   if 
any   modern  im|)rovement  liad   been   introduced  during  the 
present  century.  ,^  ^  ' 

In  all  the  essential  requisites  of  a  hospital,  this  famous  in- 
Ktitutiou  caimot  m  any  proper  sense  be  compared  witii  the 
Deer  Island  Hospital,  which  is  so  fur  before  it  that  no  com- 
jiarison  can  be  instituted. 

This  coni|)arison  is  not  made;  in  any  spirit  of  fault  finding, 
but  simply  lo  assure  the  p(,'ople  of  Hoston,  that  with  all  the 
complaints  made  by  the  Irish,  who  patronize  our  pauper 
establishments,  tlie  pultlic  charitable  institutit)ns  of  our  own 
city,  are  really  far  before  those  jjrovided  by  the  wealthy 
Catholics  of  Canaila  for  their  j)oor,  .Uur  State  provides  better 
accommodations  for  tlie  destitqtjfej^aii  the  richly  endowed, 
and  powerful  Catholic  Church  in  f3l|nkda. 

The  matrons  were  very  communicative,  and  appeared  to 
be  devotedly  attached  to  tbeir  charitable  work.  They  were 
not  remarkable  tor  tbeir  personal  attractions, as  three  of  them 
Would  not  i(M[uire  the  aid  of  dress,  to  makc^  themselves  ajjpro- 
5,  j)riate  representatives  of  three  peculiar  I'eniale  |)ersonages  re- 
quired  to  perlorm  Sliakspeare's  tragedy  of  Macbeth. 

The  Convent  ol' the  Cray  Sisters  was  next  visitinl.  This 
institution  serves  as  an  asylum  for  the  aged  oiul  iiilirm,  and 
iilsit  for  loimdlmgs.  It  is  similar  lo  a  poor  house  in  JNew 
I'higlanil.     In  each  of  the  rooms  visited,  wliich  ar*;  devoted  to 


':*; 
■^ 


30 


*. 


the  aged,  a  iinii  was  leadiiia  the  Scripttircs  aloud,  in  French, 
to  a  grotiii  (if  listoncrs.  No  notice  was  taken  of  the  presence 
of  visitors,  but  the  reading  was  continued,  and  the  interest 
and  attention  did  not  seem  to  sutfer  by  the  strangers  present. 
One  old  veteran  stated  his  age  to  be  0;>  years,  and  another 
gave  Ins  age  at  87  years.  The  rooms  were  very  neat  and 
coml'ortable.  The  a|)arlments  devoted  to  foundlings  were 
Well  filled  with  healthy  looking  ehildreu.  The  number  in 
the  budding  was  reported  to  be  4615.  The  tntid  nund)er  n(tw 
nndiu"  the  care  of  the  (tray  Sisters  is  upwards  of  ■l,UUl).  It 
was  stated  that  eight  infants  had  been  placet!  in  the  gat»! 
within  the  |iast  week. 

The  Catholic  religious  institutions  in  Montreal  are  richly 
endowed.  Many  of  the  finest  squares  of  lan(i'^i  the  centre 
of  the  city  are  owned  by  the  church  and  the  convents.  In  a 
sanitary  point  of  view,  tli<>  larg(;  ^WUBiber  of  open  si[uares 
throughout  the  city  is  mo5t  fortunate,  lint  from  the  New 
England  point  of  view,  the  rich  pos.sessions,  the  costly  struct- 
ures, the  fine  gardens,  and  the  enormous  expenditure  required 
to  sustain  the  pomp  and  glory  of  Romanism,  naturally  excite 
the  queries,  whether  the  people  are  educited  >  Whether  the 
pojiulation  are  enterjirisiiiL'  r  Whether  the  abuses  of  the  old 
world  do  not  exist  in  the  new,  where  the  institutions  are 
copied  al'ti'r  those  of  Eunqie  r  And  also,  whether  the  ener- 
gies of  the  masses  are  ])araly/e(l,  where  authority  is  arrayed 
against  thought,  and  trjiitic)!!  is  worship[ied  instead  of  the 
spirit  of  progress  and  ifflBpfement. 

The  above  train  of^pMCrht  was  suirgi'sted,  as  the  first 
place  visited  after  emerging  from  the  walls  of  a  convent  was 
a  telegraph  ollice. 

The  Committee  visited  the  rooms  of  the  Hank  of  Montreal 
and  were  received  with  great  attention  liy  Hon.  Peter  McQiil 
President  of  the  institiitidii.  This  gentleman  was  the  firsMK 
Mayor  of  the  (Jity,  and  now  occiqiics  a  commanding  jjosi'.ion 
1^  the  head  of  the  laruri'st  moneyed  iuotitution  in  the  British 
Provinces.  Tw?  dele<_Miion  found  ^Tr.  MctJill  one  of  the  most 
iiiielli'jciit  peisdiis  they  mi't  ni  ilnir  (r.ivelsi 


31 


111  I'Vcnch, 
presence 
It'  interest 
IS  present. 
1(1  another 
neat  and 
iims  wrn' 
iiiiinlxT  ill 
iinlxT  now 
1,000.  It 
II   ilie  gate 

1  are  richly 

the   centre 

tilts.     In  a 

)eii   sipiares 

'n  the  New 

Dstly  stnift- 

tire  retpiired 

1  rally  excite 

A'liether  the 

js  oC  the  old 

itiitions  are 

•r  the  eiier- 

y  is  arrayed 

stead  of  the 

as  the  first 

3onvent  was 

of  Montreal 
Peter  McGill 
,as  the  first 
liiiij;  ])osi^.it)n 
1  the  British 
i  t)f  the  most 


The  streets  of  Montreal  are  about  the  same  w  '  '<  of  tho.se 
in  liosioii.  The  (;ity  has  rather  a  soiubif  air,  an.,  the  niiiis 
of  numerous  eonlla^ratitms  in  tlilU'iciit  jiarts  t.f  the  town  pre- 
sent a  gloomy  aspect.  It  would  seem  that  Montreal  has  been 
quite  a  loser  by  the  lt)ss  of  Parliament,  and  the  occurrences 
which  attended  the  removal  of  the  seat  of  government  to 
Toronttt. 

The  public  buildings  of  Montreal  are  numerous  and  exten- 
sive. The  Jlospital  is  a  very  imposing  edifice  which  over- 
Itioks  tin.'  city.  The  Corporatitm  have  just  erected  a  market 
hitusv  ;  the  halls  in  the  st;cond  slury  are  to  be  devoted  tt) 
munici|ial  ollicis.  A  largt;  building  has  been  commenced  the 
present  year,  which  will  be  occupied  by  the  various  courts. 
The  Protestant  church  edilices  are  many  of  them  elegant 
struttures.  The  police  and  other  municipal  regulations  are 
admirably  arranged.  During  a  stay  of  four  days  in  Mt)ntreal 
and  atteniling  two  large  publit;  gatherings,  no  person  was 
i^i'MU  intiixicated,  iititiier  was  there  any  breach  of  the  jieace 
observed.  Tlu;  newspapers  reported  a  murder,  and  the  May- 
or's tiiuf  was  iii'ctiipied  ill  ln)lding  eoiut,  to  attend  to  the  same 
class  t)f  eases  wliirli  ncciipy  the  Police  Court  in  IJoston.  But 
the  whtilt!  apiteaiance  t)f  the  p(»j)ulatioii  was  peaceable  and 
correct. 

The  Mereaiiiile  Library  Association  have  hue  rooms,  and  a 
judicious  selcctici':  nf  newspapiiis  t'rom  the  Slates.  The  At- 
las was  on  file  each  .lay  after  its  pijWLicatioii, 

The  peoiile  of  Montreal  aijpi  at  Wte  very  hospitable,  and 
attentive  to  those  who  visit  tbendiJ^They  seem  to  unite  the 
social  virtues  of  the  lluglisli  and  Preiich  nations.  A  sbtirt 
at^piaintaiice  will  only  be  rt.'(|iured  ttj  disjiel  many  of  the  mis- 
taken nt)tioiis  the  jKHtple  tif  the  Provinces  and  of  the  States 
now  fiitertaiii  of  each  otl^er.  It  is  hoped  that  no  undue  ua- 
tit)nal  vanity  suggests  the  thtiiigbl,  that  the  iiitiiiiafy  about 
to  be  etinimenced  will  be  ol'  imineiise  value  to  the  people  of 
the  Prt)vinces  ;  that  they  now  stand  in  great  need  of  a  prac- 
tical application  tW"  the  8a.\t>n  ('lenient  of  energy,  and  that  by 
an  iiil'iisioii  of  enter|)ris('  and  public  spirit  into  the  body  poli- 
tic, the  Ciiiadas  will    rapidly  mereast^'lfi    wealth,  iniportanee 


:i)i 


II 


•» 


if 


and  population.  Hy  visitinir  New  I'lncUnitl,  nnd  personally 
witnessing  the  iireat  results  wliicii  linve  l)een  atlaint'd  here 
Avithin  the  pnst  tliirty  years,  the 'i)eo|>le  (if  (.'nnada  will  have 
evidence  winch  cannot  he  mistaken,  that  hy  a  judicious  ap- 
})lication  ol' capital,  and  a  liheral  jiolicy,  or  in  a  word,  by  ibl- 
lowing  the  cximiple  ot  tlie  jx'opic  of  ^Massachusetts,  a  few 
years  eiily  will  he  i('(|uii-ed,  to  give  such  an  impetus  to  their 
trade,  iuanntaetuies,  and  agriculture,  that  those  now  upon 
the  staire  will  see  their  cities  and  towns  contain  donhle  their 
present  population,  and  their  airrieultural  districts  hecoinc  the 
abode  of  a  frugal,  we.dthy  and  prosperous  eonnnuuity. 

( 111  the  evenini:  ot'  Tuesday,  the  I'.lth  of  Aimust.  the  Com- 
mittee took  the  fine  steamer  •'Uu.'hcc,"  for  atriji  to  the  city 
ol  Unebec.  The  passengers  made  u  motley  CQJlept ion.  The 
lorward  deck  was  covered  with  ciatoB  ftud  boxes  of  vegeta_ 
b.:'s,  accompanied  by  their  o\viier«,/  TPbe  deck  load  was  in- 
tended for  the  markets  of  the  towns  down  the  St.  Lawrence, 
where  the  season  is  not  so  forward  as  it  is  in  the  vicinity  of 
Montreal.  Before  the  steamer  anivotl  at  t^utdiec,  oiir  en- 
terprising market  men  and  women,  wiih  their  wares,  were 
missins.  as  they  hai;  l.eeu  hti  at  the  landing  places  where 
the  boat  had  stoppe(! 

Some  twenty  Jesuits  were  on  l.oaid  the  steamer,  dressed 
in  the  peculiar  costume  ol'  their  onli'r.  They  were  of  all 
ages,  from  lifteen  to  liity  years  old.  The  most  juvenile 
members  of  the  party  locked  o.ldly  eiioii-h,  with  their  close- 
bodied  garments,  lon^,Jtoj|,  and  three  cornered  hats  on. 
They  all  a|)peare(l  moiSPPffirnre  and  sad  than  serious  or  re- 
flective. At  the  tahle  their  activity  and  zeal  was  so  manifest 
tiiat  ii  attracted  the  attention  n|  tin    passengers  generally. 

Alter  a  passage  of  eleven  Imurs,  we  arrived  at  t^iiebec. 
'i'he  next  article  will  h,'  d<'V(ile(l  to  that  ancient  city. 


» 


m 


% 


LI<:TTE11,  No.   VII. 


vcre  of  all 


Uiiehec;  is  one  of  tlic  dldosl  cities  in  Nortli  America.  Its 
tiaiiie  is  simgostivc  of  histnrical  associations  to  the  people  ol' 
France,  I^ini^land,  ami  tlie  United  States.  From  the  water, 
the  city  prescMits  a  jieculiar  aspect,  'i'ho  walls  ol'  the  cita- 
del of  Cape  Diamond,  which  rise  nearly  three  hnndred  and 
ftfty  fe<'t  above  the  level  of  tin;  river,  appear  to  tower  over 
the  lower  town,  so  steep  and  lofty,  that  the  inhabitants 
seem  to  dwell  beneath  an  avalanche,  which  will  one  day 
bnry  tht.'in  beneath  a  vast  mass  of  rorks  and  earth. 

From  the  citadel  itself,  the  immense  warehouses  below, 
and  ships  of  12()(»tons  afloat  in  the  St.  Lawrence — rows  of 
houses  along  tl:(  dockd,  and  the  quays,  which  are  crowdeil 
with  articles  of  merchandise,  all  seem  msigniticant  and  small, 
from  that  uM'cnt  height. 

'i'ho  streets  of  Uiiebec  an;  nio.st  of  lliem  narrow,  and  nearly 
all  ol"  them  are  steep.  Kv(!ry  object  uhich  meets  the  eye  of 
the  visitor,  reiiimds  him  that  he  is  in  a  city  which  is  un- 
like any  other  place  in  .North  America.  Our  party  arrived 
early  in  the  luonuii:.;  :  and  as  the  day  was  plea.saiit,  we  had 
a  good  oji|iortiiiiity  ol  seemu;  the  city,  beiort?  the  inhabitants 
were  in  the  streets.  'I'lie  entrance  to  the  inner  city,  through 
a  gate,  the  architecture  of  tlu;  public  and  private  buildings, 
the  strange  language;  which  fell  upi||.the  ear,  the  appearance 
of  the  streets,  and  all  things  whi«|'^et  the  eye,  reminded 
one  of  the  old  world.  "*" 

Alter  taking  rooms  at  Russell's  Ali)ion  Hotel,  and  warm- 
ing ourselves  liefore  a  bituminous  coal  lire — for  the  morning 
was  cold — we  went  out  for  a  walk  before  breakfast.  The 
rnilk  carts,  drawn  by  dogs,  and  driven  by  women  as  well  as 
by  men,  wer(t  an  odd  sight.  'i\)  see  a  lemale  drive  a  dog, 
harnessed  to  a  cart,  aloiiLj  the  street,  give  the  word  for  him 
to  sto]),  then  to  I'asten  him  by  the  reins  to  a  li^])  post,  while 
tli(!  milk  was  served  at  flu;  door  in  the  reaJf  part  ol'  the  dw(d- 
liiig  houses  in  the  vicinity,  was  a  novel  spectacle. 


■55; 


\u 


$ 


Seoiug  persons  ciiirr  ilu'  ('iiciiolir  Catlicdral  (Hir  jKirfy, 
entered  tin'  iloois.  ami  hmlit'il  at  its  iiKi'_'iiifu;t'iit  ilccorations. 
The  interior  linisli  \v;is  mostly  ot'  wliitc  and  '.'old.  Tlir 
bilildinL,^  liaii  a  viuierahle  aspcet.  Its  altar  was  superbly 
ornaineiitf'd.  Tliere  were  several  hundred  wnrsliip|ii'rs  as- 
sembK'd.  Pid)lic  servieos  were  goiiit;  on  in  tiu'ee  dillrrent 
parts  nC  the  edilirc,  yet  I.,  ohnreh  is  so  extensive  that  no 
inconvenience  secini'd  to  he  experieiiecd,  cxcfpt  when  tht; 
sharp  and  searching  tones  o(  the  hells  used  in  the  "-crvice, 
•\viM»'  hoard  throughout  the  huildinu. 

"Workmen  ar(!  now  busy  in  construi'tinir  a  Ufw  wiir.r  tor 
the  I'arliaiucnt  Houm'.  l-Ateiisive  preparations  will  bo  made 
at  (-luel)!'!-.  tor  the  inept  ion  and  aceornmodalnMi  of  tln' 
ollicers  ot"  the  ("Jnvriumrnt  at  the  next  session  of  rarliniuent, 
which  will  be  convened  m  that  Clty»,  ^ 

Tlie  Conunittce  were  waited  upon  by  IV.  Sewell,  the 
actiny  Mayor,  and  the  objccis  of  the  mission  were  stated. 
A  meeting  of  the  corporatniii  was  anan;.^e(l,  and  the  business 
connected  with  the  visit  was  transa^Ml.  Hut  a  short  tune 
among  the  citizens  nt'  (iuel)ec  wa.VfeqiiinMl  to  eiiable  us  to 
perceive  that  society  was  most  pnlislied  and  relined,  and  that 
the  people  were  distiiiiruished  tor  their  u'banity,  h(is|iitality, 
and  cniirteousuess. 

At  noon  our  (Committee  re(;eivi'd  an  elliiial  call  I'rom  the 
Municipal  authorities  {>{'  the  city.  The  meeting  was  a  very 
pleasant  one.  and  the  tJonuiuitee  regretted  that  their  limited 
stay  would  forbid  theii^|toceptanre  of  the  numerous  invita- 
tions which  were  Ljiven  men:  to  remain,  and  partake  of  the 
luispitalitics  of  the  city  and  its  citi/i'iis.  The  cor|)oratiou 
have  accepted  tbi'  invitation  of  the  city  of  IJoston,  and  will 
be  well  represented  here  next  week. 

The  Uuebec  authorities  took  t]^e  Conimittei!  in  carriages 
for  the  jiurpose  ol'  visiting  the  Citadel,  Wolfe's  .Momimeiit, 
the  Plains  of  Abraham,  and  other  objects  of  interest.  ( >n  om* 
way  to  the  Citadel  we  had  an  opportunity  of  witnessing  jiart 
of  the  cei(>mony  of  '•  Guard  Moimting.''  The  review  had 
just  teiuiinat''il.  and  as  the  guards  brid((!  oil'  under  their  re- 
spective commanders,  and   marched  in  various  dueetions,  to 


35 


ilio  posts  assicjncd  tliom,  tliny  presented  (|iiitn  ;iii  animntcd 
;ukI  brilliant  spoctarlc. 

Alter  passiiiii;  tliroiuli  a  luna;  eireiiifinis  passage,  witli  liiu'h 
wrlls  upon  eaeli  si(l(!,  and  streuLrlv  Inrtificd  iron  ijates  at  eaeli 
till II,  \vi?  soon  rearlipd  the  heights  nf  (Jape  DianKind.  and 
were  witliiii  one  of  the  stroiiuost  fnrtrossi's  in  the  world. 
The  ('ii;i(ii'l  ot' (■inohec  was  ever  a  place  of  immense  strength, 
and  wlirii  it  finalU'  lell  info  tip'  hands  of  the  I'iii'jlish,  ifi 
17i">(',  aff(  r  a  seitre  of  two  months,  it  was  \)y  e;i[)itiilation, 
and  had  reecived  no  injury. 

Siiiee  the  war  of  iHTi,  however,  the  Citadel  has  lieen  en- 
tirely re-eiuistnietod,  upon  tin-  most  approved  jtrinciples  of 
tnndern  military  ^eioiice.  ^\ii  oiiieer  of  the  army  iiit'ormed. 
ns,  that  f(tr  several  years,  and  at  the  present  time,  there  were 
provisions,  and  militlUFy  itores  of  evi;ry  (h'seriptioii,  snflicient 
to  witiistand  a  seige  of  18  mouths.  The  siii)plies  were  for 
10(1,000  persons.  It  h  now  umh-ruoiug  alterations,  in  onler 
to  remedy  an  important  error  of  a  I'ornier  engineer,  for  which 
he  was  rrcnllcd  to  England.  *» 

'I'lie  view  from  the  top  of  tlie  ('itadel  is  otie  of  creat  extent 
and  lieaiily  :  upon  everv  side.  )u)ints  of  hisforieal  interest  are 
pointed  ont.  hi  this  particular  it  L'reatly  reseinhles  the  top 
of  Mimker  Hill  Mominieiit,  tlioimh  the  view  is  far  more  ex- 
tensive, as  the  spot  is  some  K50  feet  liiLrher  than  the  top  of 
the  monument. 

The  plains,  or  rather  TieiLdlt^|tf^Al>|■flham  were  visited, 
and  hy  the  aid  of  om  (•oimniinic^OTlirand  iiilelliizeiit  guides, 
a  correct  idea  could  he  t'ormnl  i^C  the  famous  battle  between 
the  Eni^lish  and  I'lench  aiinie.s  upon  the  spot,  nearly  a  cen- 
tury au'o.  Tile  miiimmeiii  erected  by  the  otiioers  of  the 
IJritish  army,  to  the  memory  of  General  Wnll'e.  is  a  ])r(Mninent 
object  of  interest  in  tho  Hficiiiity  of  the  lieiLrhts. 

In  the  afternoon  oiir  party,  by  iiivilati(C.i  ot'the  authorities, 
visited  the  celebrated  l-'alls  of  Moiitmoreuci.  The  ride  to 
the  I-'alls  is  thronL'h  a  thickly  settled  agricultural  district. 
Most  of  the  houses  have  a  solid  and  venera;ble  appearance, 
'i'lie  people  were  many  of  tlieiii  out  of  doors  ;  tin'  children 
were  ihitdc  in   numbers  and    p(M>onal    appearance;  the  (|uan- 


i 


36 


i 


.-I 


■m-h 


tity  of  little  ones  ;ilniiLr  tlii>  road  solicitiiio;  jtemiirs,  roniiiided 
one  of  W  ashiiiLiIoii  |i\iiil:'s  alliisiitii  to  '•  iiicliiiis  ;iiid  toad- 
stools." Tlu'  land  about  (■inclicc  is  dividod  into  very  small 
lots.  Tt'ii  acres  would  lie  reuarded  as  a  larire  tield.  WonuMi 
A\(>ro  noticed  in  tli(3  tields  at  work  upon  the  growii)<.'  crojiSjOr 
oiiiiaired  111  rakiiiu  hay.  in  a  ride  of  nine  miles  a  lumdrcd 
females  were  seen  at  work  ni  the  lields.  Tli»!  femah^s  and 
children  of  Canada  wear  a  sinnnior  hat  of  straw,  with  a  run 
i'{'  wider  dimensions  than  tiie  most  nltra  hhiomer  style  in  New 
England. 

Bnt  one  nv.w  hnildimj  was  in  sight  from  the  road,  the  en- 
tire distance  of  mir  ride,  That  one  was  an  extensive  and 
elegant  Catholic  chinch,  w  hich  appeareil  m  stran;j:e  colltr.ast 
■with  the  binldings  in  its  vicinity.  About  six  miles  from  the 
city  a  cross  is  erected  ;it  the  sidft  of'tho  load ,  in  honor  of  the 
cause  of  temperance,  it  was  a  present  to  the  people  of  the 
parish,  from  the  Bishop  of  I'aris.  All  jiarties  united  iu  praise 
of  the  zeal  and  devotion  ei'  the  (.'atlmlu'  clerjy  of  Low(>r 
Canada  to  the  cause  of  teiniierance.  VViihui  thi'  past  fi\e 
years  groat  t:oo(l  has  resuUed  fmni  their  Inlinis,  and  the  whole 
social  condition  of  the  masses  ol  the  popnlalion  is  said  to 
have  been  changeil  by  the  instrumimtahly  of  the  pledtM', 

The  Falls  of  ^lonlniorcnci  are  an  object  of  peculiar  inter- 
est. No  lanirnasie  can  convey  to  the  mind  of  a  person  who 
has  not  witne^sfd  thi'ir  varied  bciuties,  ;iii  idea  of  their  mag- 
nificence. To  b(!  appreciated  and  .indeisiood  they  must  be 
studied.  A  whole  day1|0ul<l  be  a  short  time  to  devote  to 
an  explorntion  <if  their  rare  nnd  i^xtpiisiti;  wonders. 

Upon  our  return  we  visited  the  residence  of  Francis  Xavier 
I'aradis.  Fsi|.,  t'liy  Coiiiicillor.  'I'his  L'entleman  Lrave  a  most 
boiiiilifiil  and  splindid  exiiiiiition  of  lios|)ilality,  nptui  so  ex- 
tensive  a  scale,  ili.it  niosi  of  the  party  tliouizlit  they  Avere  in 
a  lar'j:e  I'lciich  hotel,  iiisli'iid  of  beiiii:  at  a  private  ri'si(leiic(!. 

The  Coinniiltre  were  informed  at  Unebec,  that  the  (Corpo- 
ration were  eugai-'ed  in  the  construction  of  works  lor  tiie 
introduction  of  a  supply  of  water  into  that  city.  They  were 
gratiii'd  to  li'.arii  that  the  works  were  under  l!ie  sn|)erinten- 
dence  of  a    Hoslon  (^imineer — (Jeorue  haldwin,  Fs(|.,  brother 


Tt 


,  rnmiiKled 

.111(1   tdiid- 

M'l-y  small 

Wimicii 

lU'  rroj)s,  or 

I  liuiidrod 

•iiiales  and 

with  a  run 

yle  in  Now 

id,  tlio  cn- 
iMisivo  and 
pC  contrast 

s  from  tlio 

nor  of  tlie 
aple  of  the 
jd  iii  praiso 
/of  Lower 
!'•  past  five 
I  the  wliole 
1  is  said  to 
iKmIl^'. 
■uliar  inter- 
[tersou  who 

their  mag- 
ey  must  be 
I  devote  to 

ncis  Xavier 
rnve  a  most 

ipon  SI  I  ex- 
icy  Were  in 
residence, 
the  (!or|)()_ 
l<s  fur  the 
l'h(>y  were 
'-n)  It  ■!  in  ten- 
it).,  I)r(tther 


of  James  V.  Raldwin,  Esq.,  one  of  tlio  Water  Commissioners 
for  ti»(^  ctmstrnetion  ef  the  ('ocliitnate  Water  Works. 

The  Lreneral  a|)|iearance  of  Qneliec,  and  the  snlmrls  there- 
of, ]ilaiidy  indicate  tliat  the  petiiile  eliiiLr  with  tenacity  to 
ancient  m.anners  and  cnstonis.  'I'hey  have  tlu^  eheerfnl, 
social  characteristics  iif  the  I'^rcnch  people.  Hot  in  a  new  and 
])roL'ressiv(>  wtuld,  they  present  the  rare  spectacle  of  an  old 
and  stationary  society,  wliich  has  remained  unallected  by  the 
great  chancres  which  have  faUen  place  upon  other  portions 
of  North  America.  In  an  evil  liinir  for  the  ]irtisperity  of 
Lower  Canada,  the  Knglish  iroveniinent,  to  meet  a  tempo- 
rary exigency,  estabiislied  the  IliiL'lish  rn'ininnf  and  the 
Prtirwh  ciril  code.  By  the  operation  of  the  latter  lor  a  series 
of  years,  tlie  province  did  not  feel  the  mlbience  of  American 
Republican  LiJjerty.  The^  Feudal  institution  of  France, 
before  tlie  Revohition  of  170:5,  were  not  adapted  to  the 
social  and  pliysie-il  condition  of  the  people  of  a  new  world. 
lltMice  they  remain  at  the  present  tune,  with  all  the  peculi- 
arities (if  l''reiieli  IVoyilftces  iiiiiler  ilic  old  regime. 


id;'r'n:i{.  No.  viii.  i. 

On  Wednesday.  August  '.iDth.  at  ."»  P.  M..  the  (Jommittet; 
took  the  steamer  at  (,>ln('iiec,  lor  Montreai.  w  here  they  ar- 
rived early  on  'I'hnr.-iilay  niorning.  'I'licy  wt  re  waited  upon 
at  their  hotel  by  niendiersot' the  City  Coveiiinieiit,  merchants, 
oliicers  of  the  army, and  pidlessitnial  gentlemeii.  The  morn- 
ing was  df'.otf'd  tt>  iIk;  rece|)tion  of  these  iieiitlemeii.  and  iii 
finishing  the  correspondence  ctiniiected  wiih  iheic  nii>si(in  in 
("aiiada. 

Col.  Home,  acctimpanied  by  stn-eral  officers  ot'  the  twen- 
tieth Reninient,  w.iited    upon  the  Committee,  with  an  urutMit 


ft-r^- 


38 


%.. 


-^ 


solicitation  to  riMiiaiii  riiul  diiio  with  the  militavy  crciiflomou 
slatioiii'd  at  this  |ilai'c.  'I'liis  (•oiii|iliiii('iit  was  rrhictantly  df- 
cliiied,  Imii  an  airaiiLTiMiu'iit  was  iiiailc  to  visit  t|u;  oliicers  at 
their  (|iiait('rs.  alter  the  review,  to  |)artake  of  a  collation. 

At  eleven  o'clock,  the  depntation,  accoiupanied  i)y  the 
Mayor  and  several  ollicors  of  the  Corporation,  visited  Camp 
do  3lnrs,  foi-  the  iiiu'pose  of  witiiessin'j  a  review,  which  had 
been  ordered  in  honor  of  their  preseiieo  in  the  city.  The 
troops  wer(!  m  a  Ime  at  tho  lionr  ap|>ointe(l.  .\  dclachineut 
of  the  Royal  Artillery  was  also  npon  the  parade  irroinid.  Af- 
ter a  Jew  niovnnenls  of  the  troops,  Lient.  (iencral  Rowan, 
commander  of  the  torci's  in  Mritish  North  AincM'ica,  arrived  on 
the  gromid,  accompanied  hy  his  slutf.  This  gentleml^  was 
very  attentive  to  the  ConnnittM^^od  .they  are  indebted  to 
him  for  nnmerons  t'ivi>rs.  In  petvonal  appearance  he  resem- 
bles a  late  conniuuuler  of  the  Independent  (/adets,  whose  re- 
signation as  a  member  o\'  the  .Maagtehnsetts  Senate  from  Snf- 
folk  C'^i'nty,  last  winter,  was  retirctted  by  all  parlies.  Gen. 
Rowan  was  in  the  battle  of  VV'aterloo,  and  n|ion  tho  jiarade 
ground  wore  three  medals  whwh  he  had  received  for  his 
bravery,  'i'he  review  was  very  splendid,  it  was  witne^M  il 
by  a  large  concourse  ol'  people,  w  ho  did  iku  reipnre  either 
guards  or  polic(>  to  keep  them  oil' the  parade  'jronnd.  In  ihi; 
three  reviews  witnessed  in  ('anada,  Aiv  perfection  to  which 
military  tactics  are  earned  was  strd<in!j:ly  manifested.  The 
soldiers  are  enlisted  for  a  nnndier  of  years,  and  are  drilled 
four  hours  each  day  throughonl  the  year.  Fvich  man  appear- 
ed to  be  thronudily  aet|uainted  wiih  the  duties  recpiired  of 
him,  and  in  the  most  mtncaie  nniitary  movements,  a  whole 
regiment  would  nmvi'  with  the  accin'a<'y  and  pr<'cision  of  a, 
complicated  jneee  of  nieeliauism.  Tin;  soldiir  was  perfect, 
,.  what(!Ver  the  /ikiii  nnLdit  he.-  M  ^■ 

At'ter  the  jiarade  dt  iIh;  infantry,  the  detaelnneni  of  .irlillery 
were  reviewed,  and  went  throiiLdi  ahout  the  same  drill  as  was 

[   given  hy  Sherman's  ( 'oinpaiiy  of  l-'lyiiiLr  Artillery,  on  IJostoii 

|X!ommoii,  last  sunnuer. 

The   lionses  attached  to   the   artillery  were  very  heantifnl, 
and  eiitirelv  under  the  control  of  their  riders.     The  harnesses 


.md 


:<9 


:roiitlomoii 
(aiitly  (!<■- 
ollicors  at 
itioii. 
<i    Ity  tlin 
lr<\  Camp 
■Inch  had 
ty.     'I'ho 
lacliincnt 
iii<i.     Af- 
il    Jtou'an, 
arnvcd  on 
Icinan  was 
idebtcd   to 
ho  resem- 
whose  re- 
!  from  Sill- 
ies.    Goii. 
th(?  parade 
L'd    for   his 

witlH'vsr.l 

line  (Mlhcr 
d.  Ill  ihi; 
I  to  which 
ted.  The 
ire  drilled 
an  appear- 
iipiired  of 
3,  a  whole 

isioil    (if    ;| 

IS  porl't'ct, 

'r.irlillrry 
■ill  as  was 
III  iJustoii 

lu'antiCiil, 
liai'ii(!,sse,s 


:;■ 


.Uid  eijiiipniouts  wore  very  hiijhly  fiiiishod,  and  even  cloaaiit. 
ii)  sliow  and  oriunnent,  the  lloyal  Aililleiy  presented  more 
pleasing  attractions  than  h-lKMnKin's  jjattery  ;  bnt  in  rapidity 
of  inoveinent,  dexterity  in  niaiia^'Mneiit  of  tlii'  pieces,  and  all 
w  liii'li  pailak'es  of  the  nset'iil  and  practical  in  service,  Sher- 
inan's  Battery  far  eclipsed  this  f;inious  I'jiii^lish  force.  Tin; 
ellicicnicy  of  Slunniaifs  I'MyiiiLi;  Artillery  in  actnal  service, 
where  promptness  and  celerity  are  of  so  ninch  importance, 
wonld  irreatly  exceed  the  best  mannMivres  of  this  celebrated 
luaiieli  of  the  Hniish  service.  The  diiference  l)ctweon  the 
drill  of  the  two  companies  jiistilies  the  above  comparison. 

DiiriiiLr  the  review,  the  colors  wrrr.  trooped  in  a  manner  at 
oiuo  strikinsr  and  iiii[)osing.  'I'lie  i  vo  colors  were  received 
at  the  left  of  the  line,  by  the  com|)aiiy  which  occupied  the 
extreme  right.  The  CQlQjniqi' the  rcLriim.'i  ^  were  superbly  em- 
broidered and  ornamented.  The  Unecn's  colors  were  also  very 
elaborately  finished.  After  receivm.:  the  colors,  the  company 
marched  in  the  rear  of  the  line,  while  the  colors, accompanied 
by  the  band,  wero  carrcd  in  iVont.  The  band  nnnibered 
fit'ty-l'oiir  pieces,  and  as  they  marched  iii  front  of  tlie  line, 
playinu:  •'  (Jod  save  the  Uueen,"  the  ellect  was  very  striking. 
Sf.'veral  ol'  the  lield  ollicers  were  veti'ians  in  the  service,  who 
had  won  distinction  and  received  linjli  military  honors,  be- 
fore a  niujorily  ol' the  Uoston  delcLralion  were  born. 

After  the  troops  were  dismissijd,  the  deletration,  by  invita- 
tion of  the  General,  visiteil  the  island  opposite  Montreal,  ac- 
companied by  one  ot  his  stall',  aa^^the  Montreal  anthorities. 
The  immense  military  storehouse^  ^ere  explored.  The  ex- 
tent and  variety  of  the  art'-des  contained  within  them,  would 
surprise  those  not  finnliar  w  itli  the  details  ol'  miiitary  expen- 
<litnre.  At  the  risk'  of  encounleriiiLr  incredulity,  only  one 
fact  will  be  stated.  I'pon  rcaciiing  tlrj  powder  magazine, 
t)iir  parly  were  supplied  with  moccasins  for  the  jmrpose  o» 
jiassing  through  the  magazine.  Some  ot'  the  parly  declined 
to  adopi  the  rule,  which  retpiires  lliis  precaution  on  account 
of  the  nails  in  the  boot  heeb.  Our  military  guide  smiled  at 
till'  declination,  and  staled  that  in  case  of  acrideiil,  the  iii>ar- 
cst    point    of  safely   would    he    several  miles  distant.     Tlu- 


l-^i 


'■# 


40 


.>^^.. 


'^"^ 


;l 


J-: 


* 


G.,-J 


I$if#- 


1^- 


jrit:: 


Tjrr 


[inwder  was  arranged  in  casks,  and  stacked  in  immense  piles 
thronghont  tlif  entire  extent  of  the  building.  An  examina- 
tion of  the  books  of  the  kee])cr,  iirompted  by  Yankee  curi- 
osity, revealed  the;  i'act  that  there  were  upwards  of  Jive  mil- 
lion pninids  nf  powder  stored  within  the  walls. 

Inunediately  ii|ion  their  nMarn  to  the  city,  the  delegation 
visited  tile  i|u;;iti'rs  of  the  oliiccrs  of  the  'iOlli  reginiei^t,  when; 
a  mo>t  siiiieib  aud  rttcJirrr/n  linKdi  was  served.  The  display 
of  porcelain  and  rich  silver  ware  was  very  splendid.  Nothing 
could  exceed  the  brilliancy  of  this  eiUcrtainnieiit. 

Upon  their  return  to  the  hotel,  the  Coniinitlet!  I'ound  a 
larue  number  of  gentlemen  waiting  to  escort  them  to  tlie 
boat,  on  lio:ird  of  which  they  were  to  embark  bir  home. 
When  the  boat  left  the  (|iKiy,  three  hearty  cheers  were  given 
for  Boston  and  the  delegation.  Aftet  an  hour's  sail  across 
the  river,  the  lioat  arrived  at  La  Prairie,  where  the  cars  were 
taken  for  St.  Johns.  Tin;  party  slept  on  board  the  steamer. 
At  six  in  the  morning  the  steamer  started  for  Burlington, 
the  sail  upon  the  river  and  l,ake  (Jhamplain  was  very  fine. 
The  route  of  tlie  steamer  was  ihrou§h  a  iiin-.t  beautiful  re- 
gion, the  scenery  of  which  is  varied  and  picturesipie.  'I'iic 
wind  was  very  hii.di.  so  that  the  boat  did  not  malie  her  trip 
in  the  usual  time.  The  deleiration  were  accompanied  from 
Montreal  by  ^Ir.  H.  1).  Ddane,  aL'eiit  o\'  the  Rutland  and 
Burlington  Railroad.  At  Huilingtnii  tin  y  met  Judge  FoUett, 
President  of  the  mad.  who  aecdiiicani'd  them  to  Bellows 
Falls,  and  by  Ins  courteous  attenimns,  the  ride  was  made  in 
a  most  agreealili!  manner.  The  seeiiery  along  this  route  is 
Very  splendid  indeed.  Tin;  train  seems  to  pass  through 
the  mountains  as  if  by  magic — a  new  scene  meets  die  eye 
each  nioiiieiit,  luid  a  person  diice  passinii;  mer  ihis  road  w  itii 
his  eyes  immii.  will  e\-er  retain  a  ])leasiiig  remembrance  of  the 
extraordinary  be.iuty  df  the  Green  Hills.  At  IJellows  l''alls, 
Mr.  Jdhn  S.  Diinlap,  (he  newly  appointeil  Superintendent  of 
the  Riitlanil  Mnad,  joined   the   |)arty,  and  ace(iiiij)aiiied   them 


to  Boston 


Alth 


Olll 


llie   tram  was   an    limir   late,  nwimr  to 


the    (leteiilion    of    the    steamer    by    the    wind,    il    arrived    at 
Keene  at  llie  usual  hour.     Metween  Hollows  l''alls  and  Keene, 


nense  piles 
II  oxamina- 
iiikee  ciiri- 
>t  Jive  niil- 

ili'lcgatioii 
ri'.t,  wlicic 
H'  tlisplay 
Xolluijy 

<!    ioiiiid  a 
t'lu    to  the 

(nr  home. 
kvere  given 

sail  across 
5  cars  were 
le  steamer. 
Turlington, 
<  very  fine, 
'aiitit'iil  ro- 
ll le.      The 
k<;  hiT  trip 
unci  I   iVoni 
tlaud  and 
ge  Follett, 
o  Bellows 
IS  made  in 
is  route  is 
J   throngli 
s  die    (>ye 
niad  w  ith 
lice  of  the 

•Ws  |'';d|.s, 
I'liiie'iil  u|' 

iii'd  thfin 
"wini:  to 

llixcil      .•!( 

d  Kccne, 


41 


oight  miles  were  travelled  \\\  ten  miiiiit(>s.  Thr  :iverau;e 
speed  during  (he  day,  over  the  iJurliiigtoii  and  ilutkind, 
(Cheshire,  Vermont  and  Massiirliusetts,  ;uid  Fitchhurg  Roads, 
was  thirty  miles  an  honr,  including  stops.  The  oiiicers  of 
these  roads  were  very  |iolite  and  nttentivi'  to  the  Committee. 
During  their  ahsence  iVom  J}oston,  tlie  (Jonimittee  travelh.'d 
upwards  of  eighteen  hundred  miles,  and  had  interviews  with 
ni;niy  hiimlred  ])ersons,  \\i  various  walks  of  life.  They  were 
received  with  marks  of  attention  and  hospitality  too  immer- 
oiis  to  record.  They  trust  the  hiisiness  and  social  relations 
of  the  city  they  represented,  will  long  iV'el  the  heneficiMit  re- 
sults of  their  labors,  and  tluit  their  mission  to  ('anada  will  be 
a  marked  era  m   t^,  commercial   history  and  prosperity  of 

iiuston.  :., 

In  a  journey  of  so  mioy  mib's,  and  meeting  with  gentle- 
men, who  entertain  views  upi>n  most  subjects  of  popular  in- 
terest, so  widely  dissiinilor  to  thosn  held  by  the  people  of 
New  EnLdaiid,  many  amusiiiLr  incidents  took  place.  It  was 
intrrestiiiL^  to  note  Ihe  repetition  ot"  the  old  arguments  in 
favor  of  inoiiarehical  goveniiiieiils.  creeds.  ;iiid  blind  devotion 
lo  llie  past.  Tlie  sound  jiolitieal  maxiiii  that  •'  Freedom  is 
the  only  certain  cine  for  the  evils  of  P'rcedoiii,"  docs  not  ap- 
pe;ir  to  be  lecoL-'iiised  by  those  who  look  with  distrust  upon 
iht!  principles  of  lu'imblicanisiii. 

lint  one  nicident  will  be  uiveii,  lo  illustrate  the  ignorance 
Avhich  prevails  njioii  reli.Moiis  maUeis  in  I'oston  by  the  culti- 
vated people  of  ('auaili.  hi  a  cf^oveisalioii  with  a  Bai)tist 
elerLryman  who  was  a  most  aLn'oeable  companion,  the  fact 
was  staled,  th;il  a  iiiiiiiber  of  the  liostou  (,'oiiiiiiittee  were 
I  iiitarians.  lie  leni.uked  iIkii  ;is  ihe  I  uitarians  never  cele- 
bialed  the  s:ier:iineiit  they  were  able  to  ivoid  the  question  of 
open  and  close  conunii  iiion,  whi<'h  w;is  soiiiewb;it  trouble- 
some to  llie  [{jptists.  I  poll  beiiiL:  iiiloriiied  resjiectiiiu  his 
L;reat  error  in  iel;iiioii  to  ibe  customs  of  Liberal  Christians,  he 
stated,  tliiit  ^\'llen  in  liostmi  some  ye;ns  ago,  he  was  greatly 
siirpiis.'d  lo  find  Doctors  S.  ;iiid  N.,  Ikiptist  clergymen  of  this 
city,  regarded  Dr   <  'hunniiig  as  a  ( 'hrisyair ! 


# 


42 


^ 


Two  or  three  jioints  of  general  interest  will  be  briefly  ad- 
verted to,  bel'Mo  closing  tliis  series  of  rirticU's.  In  their 
intercourse  Mitli  the  (?;in;uli;ui  autiiorities,  the  IJo.stouiaus 
were  constantly  reminded  o(  tlieir  distinguished  fellow  citi- 
zens, wlio  have  rej)resented  the  I  nited  States  at  the  Court  of 
St.  James.  The  impressions  made  upon  English  olliciais  by 
Messrs.  FiVerett.  I'aucrofl  and  Lawrence,  wliile  they  havi' 
reflected  credit  upon  tiie  country  they  represented,  have 
also  prodi'.ccd  an  effect  in  the  highest  cU-gree  favorable  to 
Boston. 

One  of  the  most  promiiient  topics  of  discnurse  among  all 
classes,  was  the  remarkable  judicial  trial  which  took  place  in 
this  city  last  year.  The  manner  .|y^fflwlucting  the  trial,  its 
painful  termination,  and  all  the  incideitfs  I'onnected  there- 
with were  familiarly  known.  ^'tlioiUM^id  questions  were 
answered  respecting  the  venerable  Qliief  Justice,  the  eloquent 
and  sagacious  attorney  f«u-  the  goiiiEnnient,  and  the  devoted 
clergyman,  whose  connection  with  the  ti^j^l,  has  given  them 
a  world-wide  reputation.  The  daik  history  "i'  that  melan- 
choly event  has  given  our  belnvcd  Comninn wealth  a  name 
and  character  abniad,  which  will  be  as  enduring  as  any  other 
historical  event  with  which  she  is  idfuitified. 

The  enterprise,  blnewdness,and  high  mercantile  rharacter  of 
the  people  of  New  England  has  made  adee|i  impression  upon 
the  inhabitants  of  the  Canadas.  The  merchants  who  are 
acquainted  in  did'ennt  sections  of  the  (  iiited  States,  evinced 
in  their  conversation,  a  keen  a|»preciation  of  the  sterling 
qualities  of  manliness  and  uprightn(!ss  which  are  the  crown- 
ing excellencies  of  the  New  lingland  character. 

As  citizens  of  the  United  States,  the  Committee  had  just 
reason  to  be  proud  of  the  country  and  its  rei)ublit:an  institu- 
tions. The  sile.it  iiilluence  of  example,  and  the  j)otent  argu- 
ments pi'i'sented  in  tlu;  rapid  prosperity  and  advancement  of 
our  country,  are  exci.inL' a  jiowerliil  ell'eet  u[)on  the  public 
mind  in  (Canada,  which  all  t!ie  vain  pomp  and  splendor  of 
provincial  authority  cannot  arrest.  The  feeling  in  favor  of 
the  I'nited  States  and  its  jtopular  institutions  is  conlincd  to 
no  class.     Tiiis   sentiment    is  cvid<'ntly   upon  the   increase, 


4:i 


n'ily  ad- 
Ill  their 
Lilians 
<nv  citi- 
<  '<Mirt  of 
x'ials  hy 
ey  have 
have 
i;iMe  to 

nniiu:  all 

place  in 

trial,  its 

d  there- 

ns  were 

eloquent 

devoted 

|en  them 

'-   Mielan- 

i  .1  name 

iiy  other 

ractcr  of 
on  u])on 
^'ho  are 
evinced 
sterling 
crown- 

lad  just 
iiistitu- 
it  argu- 
lui'iit  of 
piihlic 
iidqr  ot' 
;ivor  ol" 
iiied  to 
10  reuse, 


and  men  now  openly  advocate  and  proclaim  political  opinions 
which  meet  with  a  response  iVom  the  populac^e,  which  would 
formerly  have  lieen  regarded  as  treasonable.  Annexationists 
were  met  Avith  at  every  ]»oint,  respectable  in  numbers  and 
character,  whose  admiration  of  the  United  States  was  un- 
bounded and  undisguised. 

Could  those  who  have  recently  defamed  the  [loople  o: 
Massachusetts,  sneered  at  her  principles  and  contemned  her 
ancient  I*uritan  characteristics,  have  listened  to  the  eulogiums 
pronounced  upon  her  by  tiie  eminent  jurists,  statesmen  and 
merchants  of  the  Provinces,  they  would  have  learned  that  a 
State,  like  an  intlividual,  has  a  inoraj  inlhienee  commensmate 
with  its  devotion  to  tJiiMflJ^Ay  virtues  and  principles,  which 
good  men  every \vl i^F^iSerate  and  commet'd.  Let  but  the 
people  of  Massac hu%e)||l^l^l'ifeu'  England  enmlate  the  noble 
qualities  and  elevated  christian  ideas  of  those  who  have  gone 
before  them,  and  laid  cleep  and  strong  the  foundations  of 
•  ommunities  where  liberty  is  regulated  by  law,  where  educa- 
tion  is  the  jtricelessfiteitage  of  all,  where  conscience  is  un- 
fetti'red  by  legal  iMiacraient,  and  true  republican  freedom  is 
enjoyed  without  limit;  keep  resolutely  and  t'aithfuUy  on 
their  course,  and  they  are  sure  to  receive  the  respect,  con- 
fidence and  adnuration  of  all  whose  good  opinion  is  worth 
l»ossessing. 

Let  them  be  true  to  tlieii  ancestry,  their  history  and 
themselves,  and  their  inlluence  will  increase  with  the  ad- 
vancing civilization  of  mankind.    .^ 


*'¥?' 


W' 


t 


i^" 


